Utilization of Waste Marble Sludge in Self-Compacting Concrete: A Study on Partial Replacement of Cement and Fine Aggregates

Bahmani, H; Mostafaei, H; Mohamad Momeni, R; Khoshoei, SM

Utilization of Waste Marble Sludge in Self-Compacting Concrete: A Study on Partial Replacement of Cement and Fine Aggregates

Bahmani, H Mostafaei, H

Mohamad Momeni, R Khoshoei, SM

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Publisher:: MDPI
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Sustainability Switzerland, 2025, 17, (19)
Issue Date:: 2025-10-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Bahmani, H
dc.contributor.author	Mostafaei, H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0364-4552
dc.contributor.author	Mohamad Momeni, R
dc.contributor.author	Khoshoei, SM
dc.date.accessioned	2025-12-19T04:52:00Z
dc.date.available	2025-12-19T04:52:00Z
dc.date.issued	2025-10-01
dc.identifier.citation	Sustainability Switzerland, 2025, 17, (19)
dc.identifier.issn	2071-1050
dc.identifier.issn	2071-1050
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/191035
dc.description.abstract	This study presents a novel approach to the development of self-compacting concrete (SCC) by partially replacing both cement and fine aggregate (sand) with waste marble sludge (WMS), a byproduct of the marble industry. The research aims to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating this industrial waste into SCC to enhance sustainability without compromising performance. To assess the fresh and hardened properties of the proposed mixtures, a comprehensive experimental program was conducted. Tests included slump flow, T<inf>50</inf>, and V-funnel for evaluating workability, as well as measurements of specific gravity, compressive strength, flexural strength, Brazilian tensile strength, and water absorption at 28 days of curing. The results demonstrated that the mix containing 5% cement replacement and 20% sand replacement with marble sludge exhibited the highest mechanical performance, achieving a compressive strength of 48.2 MPa, tensile strength of 3.9 MPa, and flexural strength of 4.4 MPa. Furthermore, increasing the percentage of cement replacement led to enhanced flowability, as evidenced by an increase in slump flow diameter and a reduction in V-funnel flow time, indicating improved workability. Overall, the findings suggest that controlled incorporation of WMS can produce SCC with desirable mechanical and rheological properties, offering a promising pathway for sustainable concrete production. In addition to the technical performance, a carbon footprint analysis was conducted to examine the environmental benefits of marble sludge utilization. The mixture with 10% cement and 20% sand replacement exhibited the lowest carbon footprint, while the 7.5% replacement level provided the best balance between strength and sustainability.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	MDPI
dc.relation.ispartof	Sustainability Switzerland
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.3390/su17198523
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	12 Built Environment and Design
dc.title	Utilization of Waste Marble Sludge in Self-Compacting Concrete: A Study on Partial Replacement of Cement and Fine Aggregates
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	17
utslib.for	12 Built Environment and Design
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology/Engineering and IT Related HDR Students
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.rights.license	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.date.updated	2025-12-19T04:51:58Z
pubs.issue	19
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	17
utslib.citation.issue	19

Abstract:

This study presents a novel approach to the development of self-compacting concrete (SCC) by partially replacing both cement and fine aggregate (sand) with waste marble sludge (WMS), a byproduct of the marble industry. The research aims to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating this industrial waste into SCC to enhance sustainability without compromising performance. To assess the fresh and hardened properties of the proposed mixtures, a comprehensive experimental program was conducted. Tests included slump flow, T50, and V-funnel for evaluating workability, as well as measurements of specific gravity, compressive strength, flexural strength, Brazilian tensile strength, and water absorption at 28 days of curing. The results demonstrated that the mix containing 5% cement replacement and 20% sand replacement with marble sludge exhibited the highest mechanical performance, achieving a compressive strength of 48.2 MPa, tensile strength of 3.9 MPa, and flexural strength of 4.4 MPa. Furthermore, increasing the percentage of cement replacement led to enhanced flowability, as evidenced by an increase in slump flow diameter and a reduction in V-funnel flow time, indicating improved workability. Overall, the findings suggest that controlled incorporation of WMS can produce SCC with desirable mechanical and rheological properties, offering a promising pathway for sustainable concrete production. In addition to the technical performance, a carbon footprint analysis was conducted to examine the environmental benefits of marble sludge utilization. The mixture with 10% cement and 20% sand replacement exhibited the lowest carbon footprint, while the 7.5% replacement level provided the best balance between strength and sustainability.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/191035