Evolutionary sex bias in cognitive response to new environmental risk factor - PM2.5.

Chen, H; Verkhratsky, A; Yi, C; Oliver, BG

Evolutionary sex bias in cognitive response to new environmental risk factor - PM2.5.

Chen, H

Verkhratsky, A Yi, C Oliver, BG

Permalink

Publisher:: Springer Nature
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Biol Sex Differ, 2025, 16, (1), pp. 88
Issue Date:: 2025-11-05

Open Access

Copyright Clearance Process

Recently Added
In Progress
Open Access

This item is open access.

Adobe PDF

Download Accepted versionAdobe PDF (2.12 MB)

View on publisher's site

View statistics

Full metadata record

Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Chen, H https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-3752
dc.contributor.author	Verkhratsky, A
dc.contributor.author	Yi, C
dc.contributor.author	Oliver, BG
dc.date.accessioned	2026-01-08T02:40:48Z
dc.date.available	2025-10-13
dc.date.available	2026-01-08T02:40:48Z
dc.date.issued	2025-11-05
dc.identifier.citation	Biol Sex Differ, 2025, 16, (1), pp. 88
dc.identifier.issn	2042-6410
dc.identifier.issn	2042-6410
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/191493
dc.description.abstract	The association between exposure to particulates in polluted air and cognitive impairment is an emerging and significant health concern, particularly among younger populations. Although exposure to particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is linked with a lower estimated risk for dementia compared to traditional risk factors such as APOEɛ4 gene variants, the widespread and long-term population exposure to PM2.5 pose substantial implications for public health. This review explores the sex differences in cognitive function induced by PM2.5, which are age-dependent and distinct from the sex bias observed in Alzheimer's disease. In addition to biological sex and sex hormones, we also discuss the role of epigenetic regulation as a mechanism underlying sex-specific cognitive vulnerabilities to environmental toxins, particularly PM2.5. Understanding these differences is important for developing targeted interventions and public health strategies to mitigate the cognitive impacts of PM2.5 exposure.
dc.format	Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Springer Nature
dc.relation.ispartof	Biol Sex Differ
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1186/s13293-025-00774-9
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.classification	3105 Genetics
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Particulate Matter
dc.subject.mesh	Risk Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Sex Characteristics
dc.subject.mesh	Cognition
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Environmental Exposure
dc.subject.mesh	Air Pollutants
dc.subject.mesh	Biological Evolution
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Air Pollutants
dc.subject.mesh	Risk Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Cognition
dc.subject.mesh	Environmental Exposure
dc.subject.mesh	Sex Characteristics
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Particulate Matter
dc.subject.mesh	Biological Evolution
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Particulate Matter
dc.subject.mesh	Risk Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Sex Characteristics
dc.subject.mesh	Cognition
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Environmental Exposure
dc.subject.mesh	Air Pollutants
dc.subject.mesh	Biological Evolution
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.title	Evolutionary sex bias in cognitive response to new environmental risk factor - PM2.5.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	16
utslib.location.activity	England
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups/Women & Children’s Health Research Collaborative (WCHC)
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.rights.license	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.date.updated	2026-01-08T02:40:45Z
pubs.issue	1
pubs.publication-status	Published online
pubs.volume	16
utslib.citation.issue	1

Abstract:

The association between exposure to particulates in polluted air and cognitive impairment is an emerging and significant health concern, particularly among younger populations. Although exposure to particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is linked with a lower estimated risk for dementia compared to traditional risk factors such as APOEɛ4 gene variants, the widespread and long-term population exposure to PM2.5 pose substantial implications for public health. This review explores the sex differences in cognitive function induced by PM2.5, which are age-dependent and distinct from the sex bias observed in Alzheimer's disease. In addition to biological sex and sex hormones, we also discuss the role of epigenetic regulation as a mechanism underlying sex-specific cognitive vulnerabilities to environmental toxins, particularly PM2.5. Understanding these differences is important for developing targeted interventions and public health strategies to mitigate the cognitive impacts of PM2.5 exposure.

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:

http://hdl.handle.net/10453/191493