Testing the Valuation of the EQ-5D-Y-5L in Adults and Adolescents: Results From a 5-Country Study and Implications for the Descriptive System.

Pan, T; Ramos-Goni, JM; Roudijk, B; Xie, S; Xie, F; Yang, Z; Mulhern, B; Norman, R; Devlin, N

Testing the Valuation of the EQ-5D-Y-5L in Adults and Adolescents: Results From a 5-Country Study and Implications for the Descriptive System.

Pan, T Ramos-Goni, JM Roudijk, B Xie, S Xie, F Yang, Z Mulhern, B

Norman, R Devlin, N

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Publisher:: Elsevier
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Value Health, 2025, 28, (12), pp. 1900-1910
Issue Date:: 2025-12

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Pan, T
dc.contributor.author	Ramos-Goni, JM
dc.contributor.author	Roudijk, B
dc.contributor.author	Xie, S
dc.contributor.author	Xie, F
dc.contributor.author	Yang, Z
dc.contributor.author	Mulhern, B https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-8063
dc.contributor.author	Norman, R
dc.contributor.author	Devlin, N
dc.date.accessioned	2026-02-19T23:22:24Z
dc.date.available	2025-07-14
dc.date.available	2026-02-19T23:22:24Z
dc.date.issued	2025-12
dc.identifier.citation	Value Health, 2025, 28, (12), pp. 1900-1910
dc.identifier.issn	1098-3015
dc.identifier.issn	1524-4733
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/193654
dc.description.abstract	OBJECTIVES: The EQ-5D-Y-5L (Y-5L) is a new health-related quality-of-life instrument for children and adolescents. Value sets for the Y-5L are planned. This article aimed to test the ability of adult and adolescent respondents to differentiate the ordinal levels of the Y-5L in valuation tasks and to explore the characteristics of stated preferences for the Y-5L between adults and adolescents. METHODS: We collected latent-scale discrete choice experiment data via an online survey of adults (≥18 years) and adolescents (12-17 years) in Australia, Canada, China, The Netherlands, and Spain. A D-Efficient design consisting of 192 choice pairs was grouped into 16 blocks of 12 choice tasks per respondent. We used mixed-logit models to analyze the data and incremental dummies to represent movements from a less-severe level to its consecutive more-severe level. RESULTS: We did not observe preference inversions in adults or adolescents (ie, no statistically significant positive coefficients on the incremental dummies). Adults showed similar preferences for the Y-5L in terms of dimension importance: Pain/Discomfort was considered the most important dimension in all countries except for China; Looking After Myself and Usual Activity were the least important dimensions. In contrast, Mobility was considered the most important dimensions by adolescents in Canada, Spain, and China. CONCLUSIONS: Adults could differentiate between the Y-5L level labels in valuation tasks, whereas more randomness was observed in adolescents' choices. Observed differences between adult and adolescent stated preferences for the Y-5L raise questions about how these preferences should be reflected in cost-effectiveness analysis.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.relation.ispartof	Value Health
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.jval.2025.07.016
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	1117 Public Health and Health Services, 1402 Applied Economics
dc.subject.classification	Health Policy & Services
dc.subject.classification	3801 Applied economics
dc.subject.classification	4203 Health services and systems
dc.subject.classification	4407 Policy and administration
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Adolescent
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Quality of Life
dc.subject.mesh	Child
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.subject.mesh	Young Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Canada
dc.subject.mesh	Choice Behavior
dc.subject.mesh	China
dc.subject.mesh	Australia
dc.subject.mesh	Spain
dc.subject.mesh	Netherlands
dc.subject.mesh	Health Status
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Choice Behavior
dc.subject.mesh	Health Status
dc.subject.mesh	Quality of Life
dc.subject.mesh	Adolescent
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Child
dc.subject.mesh	Canada
dc.subject.mesh	China
dc.subject.mesh	Australia
dc.subject.mesh	Netherlands
dc.subject.mesh	Spain
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Young Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Adolescent
dc.subject.mesh	Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Quality of Life
dc.subject.mesh	Child
dc.subject.mesh	Surveys and Questionnaires
dc.subject.mesh	Young Adult
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Canada
dc.subject.mesh	Choice Behavior
dc.subject.mesh	China
dc.subject.mesh	Australia
dc.subject.mesh	Spain
dc.subject.mesh	Netherlands
dc.subject.mesh	Health Status
dc.title	Testing the Valuation of the EQ-5D-Y-5L in Adults and Adolescents: Results From a 5-Country Study and Implications for the Descriptive System.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	28
utslib.location.activity	United States
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services
utslib.for	1402 Applied Economics
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/UTS Groups/Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation (CHERE)
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.rights.license	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.date.updated	2026-02-19T23:22:20Z
pubs.issue	12
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	28
utslib.citation.issue	12

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES: The EQ-5D-Y-5L (Y-5L) is a new health-related quality-of-life instrument for children and adolescents. Value sets for the Y-5L are planned. This article aimed to test the ability of adult and adolescent respondents to differentiate the ordinal levels of the Y-5L in valuation tasks and to explore the characteristics of stated preferences for the Y-5L between adults and adolescents. METHODS: We collected latent-scale discrete choice experiment data via an online survey of adults (≥18 years) and adolescents (12-17 years) in Australia, Canada, China, The Netherlands, and Spain. A D-Efficient design consisting of 192 choice pairs was grouped into 16 blocks of 12 choice tasks per respondent. We used mixed-logit models to analyze the data and incremental dummies to represent movements from a less-severe level to its consecutive more-severe level. RESULTS: We did not observe preference inversions in adults or adolescents (ie, no statistically significant positive coefficients on the incremental dummies). Adults showed similar preferences for the Y-5L in terms of dimension importance: Pain/Discomfort was considered the most important dimension in all countries except for China; Looking After Myself and Usual Activity were the least important dimensions. In contrast, Mobility was considered the most important dimensions by adolescents in Canada, Spain, and China. CONCLUSIONS: Adults could differentiate between the Y-5L level labels in valuation tasks, whereas more randomness was observed in adolescents' choices. Observed differences between adult and adolescent stated preferences for the Y-5L raise questions about how these preferences should be reflected in cost-effectiveness analysis.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/193654