The reel thing : film and cultural memory in Australia
- Publication Type:
- Thesis
- Issue Date:
- 2000
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This thesis focuses on one of the elements surrounding a paradox in modern interactions with the
past in Australia - namely that while the numbers taking formal history courses have declined
markedly over the past twenty years, this decline has been matched by a proliferation of interest in
other forms of history in popular culture. While the ambient factors which inform how the past is
understood in popular imagination range from personal and family memories through museum
exhibits and a wide range of cultural artefacts, mainstream historical films, particularly Hollywood-style
films, have a global reach and the potential to influence the perceptions of millions. This
thesis investigates the interactions between mainstream historical film and Cultural Memory using
narrative analysis of film as text together with Cultural Studies methodologies common to Oral
History and historical research. The thesis has an Australian focus and is based on case studies for
which mainstream Hollywood-style narrative films constitute a major primary source.
The films discussed are fictional in one way or another, cover a wide range of genres and represent
the kinds of historical information to be found in that format. The argument proceeds along two
major axes; one following the ways the past is shaped by interactions between stylistic features of
mainstream historical film and the socio-historical context; the other concerned with social or
political actions which, in one way or another, suggest a significant influence from a film (or a
group of films).
The thesis is divided into three main sections. Section One gives an overview of the thesis, its
theoretical foundations, the methodologies adopted and the reasons behind those choices. Each of
the two sections which follow deals with one of the main areas of investigation noted above. The
thesis concludes that historical film influences Cultural Memory by creating a 'memory' of surfaces
of the past and by contributing to the stock of images and narratives about the past which circulate
in culture. However while that influence is significant, it is tempered by the degree to which the
film can be understood as relating to the present, and particularly by the kinds of intersections it
makes with the other texts of culture. The thesis argues that regardless of the fact that much
historical film is used as a space for reinforcing dominant ideological perspectives, mainstream film
can be regarded as a vehicle for presenting history, provided we consider it as history in another
genre.
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