Self-management of diabetes type 2 in Jordan : an action research project
- Publication Type:
- Thesis
- Issue Date:
- 2007
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Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 represents a public health problem affecting every
nation around the world. Jordan is not exceptional where research indicates that diabetes
mellitus is highly prevalent in the Jordanian community. International research findings
have established that people with diabetes are at high risk of developing many
complications and they have a higher mortality rate when compared with people who are
non-diabetic. Additionally, diabetes is a disease that requires self-management and people
with diabetes need education to motivate them and increase their skills and knowledge to
manage their disease effectively. To date, no formal educational programs exist in Jordan
for people with diabetes type 2.
This research aimed to examine the effectiveness of a group education program with the
cooperation of people with diabetes type 2 and health care professionals, to study how
people with diabetes understand diabetes and its management and to investigate the
barriers that prevent participants from adhering to proper management
An action research methodology was employed in this study. The study was carried out in
Al-Adna'nyah, Al-Karak Jordan. Forty six people with diabetes type 2 (21 men and 25
women) agreed to participate. Baseline data included BMI, FPG, total cholesterol,
triglycerides, knowledge level and level of adherence to prescribed treatment were
collected before and 15 weeks after the end of the educational program. Data collection
included tape recording, interviews and field notes. Quantitative data were analyzed with
the SPSS software program (VIO.O) using descriptive statistics and repeated measures
ANOV A. Qualitative data were transcribed and translated from Arabic to English and
analyzed using a constant comparison method.
After the program participants significantly increased their knowledge and adherence to
recommended treatments. Also there was a significant reduction in participants' BMI, FPG,
cholesterol and triglycerides levels. Qualitative data supported these findings indicating
how the participants improved their knowledge and positively changed their self care
behaviour in relation to diabetes management. In addition the qualitative results identified
many socio-cultural and organizational factors that affect the management of diabetes.
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