Biogeographic partitioning of Southern Ocean microorganisms revealed by metagenomics

Wilkins, D; Lauro, FM; Williams, TJ; Demaere, MZ; Brown, MV; Hoffman, JM; Andrews-Pfannkoch, C; Mcquaid, JB; Riddle, MJ; Rintoul, SR; Cavicchioli, R

Biogeographic partitioning of Southern Ocean microorganisms revealed by metagenomics

Wilkins, D Lauro, FM Williams, TJ Demaere, MZ

Brown, MV Hoffman, JM Andrews-Pfannkoch, C Mcquaid, JB Riddle, MJ Rintoul, SR Cavicchioli, R

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Environmental Microbiology, 2013, 15 (5), pp. 1318 - 1333
Issue Date:: 2013-05-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Wilkins, D	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Lauro, FM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Williams, TJ	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Demaere, MZ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-5108	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Brown, MV	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Hoffman, JM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Andrews-Pfannkoch, C	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Mcquaid, JB	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Riddle, MJ	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Rintoul, SR	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Cavicchioli, R	en_US
dc.date.available	2012-10-27	en_US
dc.date.issued	2013-05-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Environmental Microbiology, 2013, 15 (5), pp. 1318 - 1333	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	1462-2912	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/117633
dc.description.abstract	We performed a metagenomic survey (6.6Gbp of 454 sequence data) of Southern Ocean (SO) microorganisms during the austral summer of 2007-2008, examining the genomic signatures of communities across a latitudinal transect from Hobart (44°S) to the Mertz Glacier, Antarctica (67°S). Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the SAR11 and SAR116 clades and the cyanobacterial genera Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus were strongly overrepresented north of the Polar Front (PF). Conversely, OTUs of the Gammaproteobacterial Sulfur Oxidizer-EOSA-1 (GSO-EOSA-1) complex, the phyla Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia and order Rhodobacterales were characteristic of waters south of the PF. Functions enriched south of the PF included a range of transporters, sulfur reduction and histidine degradation to glutamate, while branched-chain amino acid transport, nucleic acid biosynthesis and methionine salvage were overrepresented north of the PF. The taxonomic and functional characteristics suggested a shift of primary production from cyanobacteria in the north to eukaryotic phytoplankton in the south, and reflected the different trophic statuses of the two regions. The study provides a new level of understanding about SO microbial communities, describing the contrasting taxonomic and functional characteristics of microbial assemblages either side of the PF. © 2012 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Environmental Microbiology	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1111/1462-2920.12035	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Microbiology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Bacteria	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cyanobacteria	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Amino Acids, Branched-Chain	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Water Microbiology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Biodiversity	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Seawater	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Phylogeny	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Oceans and Seas	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Metagenomics	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Eukaryota	en_US
dc.title	Biogeographic partitioning of Southern Ocean microorganisms revealed by metagenomics	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	5	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	15	en_US
utslib.for	0605 Microbiology	en_US
utslib.for	0603 Evolutionary Biology	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - ithree - Institute of Infection, Immunity and Innovation
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	5	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	15	en_US

Abstract:

We performed a metagenomic survey (6.6Gbp of 454 sequence data) of Southern Ocean (SO) microorganisms during the austral summer of 2007-2008, examining the genomic signatures of communities across a latitudinal transect from Hobart (44°S) to the Mertz Glacier, Antarctica (67°S). Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the SAR11 and SAR116 clades and the cyanobacterial genera Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus were strongly overrepresented north of the Polar Front (PF). Conversely, OTUs of the Gammaproteobacterial Sulfur Oxidizer-EOSA-1 (GSO-EOSA-1) complex, the phyla Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia and order Rhodobacterales were characteristic of waters south of the PF. Functions enriched south of the PF included a range of transporters, sulfur reduction and histidine degradation to glutamate, while branched-chain amino acid transport, nucleic acid biosynthesis and methionine salvage were overrepresented north of the PF. The taxonomic and functional characteristics suggested a shift of primary production from cyanobacteria in the north to eukaryotic phytoplankton in the south, and reflected the different trophic statuses of the two regions. The study provides a new level of understanding about SO microbial communities, describing the contrasting taxonomic and functional characteristics of microbial assemblages either side of the PF. © 2012 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/117633