The impact of stratification by implausible energy reporting status on estimates of diet-health relationships

Tooze, JA; Freedman, LS; Carroll, RJ; Midthune, D; Kipnis, V

The impact of stratification by implausible energy reporting status on estimates of diet-health relationships

Tooze, JA Freedman, LS Carroll, RJ

Midthune, D Kipnis, V

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Biometrical Journal, 2016, 58 (6), pp. 1538 - 1551
Issue Date:: 2016-11-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Tooze, JA	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Freedman, LS	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Carroll, RJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-9682	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Midthune, D	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Kipnis, V	en_US
dc.date.available	2016-05-23	en_US
dc.date.issued	2016-11-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Biometrical Journal, 2016, 58 (6), pp. 1538 - 1551	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0323-3847	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/118332
dc.description.abstract	© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is known to be prone to measurement error. Researchers have suggested excluding implausible energy reporters (IERs) of FFQ total energy when examining the relationship between a health outcome and FFQ-reported intake to obtain less biased estimates of the effect of the error-prone measure of exposure; however, the statistical properties of stratifying by IER status have not been studied. Under certain assumptions, including nondifferential error, we show that when stratifying by IER status, the attenuation of the estimated relative risk in the stratified models will be either greater or less in both strata (implausible and plausible reporters) than for the nonstratified model, contrary to the common belief that the attenuation will be less among plausible reporters and greater among IERs. Whether there is more or less attenuation depends on the pairwise correlations between true exposure, observed exposure, and the stratification variable. Thus exclusion of IERs is inadvisable but stratification by IER status can sometimes help. We also address the case of differential error. Examples from the Observing Protein and Energy Nutrition Study and simulations illustrate these results.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Biometrical Journal	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1002/bimj.201500201	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Statistics & Probability	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Humans	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Diet	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Models, Statistical	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Energy Intake	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Computer Simulation	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Health	en_US
dc.title	The impact of stratification by implausible energy reporting status on estimates of diet-health relationships	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	6	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	58	en_US
utslib.for	0104 Statistics	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	6	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	58	en_US

Abstract:

© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is known to be prone to measurement error. Researchers have suggested excluding implausible energy reporters (IERs) of FFQ total energy when examining the relationship between a health outcome and FFQ-reported intake to obtain less biased estimates of the effect of the error-prone measure of exposure; however, the statistical properties of stratifying by IER status have not been studied. Under certain assumptions, including nondifferential error, we show that when stratifying by IER status, the attenuation of the estimated relative risk in the stratified models will be either greater or less in both strata (implausible and plausible reporters) than for the nonstratified model, contrary to the common belief that the attenuation will be less among plausible reporters and greater among IERs. Whether there is more or less attenuation depends on the pairwise correlations between true exposure, observed exposure, and the stratification variable. Thus exclusion of IERs is inadvisable but stratification by IER status can sometimes help. We also address the case of differential error. Examples from the Observing Protein and Energy Nutrition Study and simulations illustrate these results.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/118332