Epidemiological investigations of the introduction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Chile, 2013-2015

Neira, V; Brito, B; Mena, J; Culhane, M; Apel, MI; Max, V; Perez, P; Moreno, V; Mathieu, C; Johow, M; Badia, C; Torremorell, M; Medina, R; Ortega, R

Epidemiological investigations of the introduction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Chile, 2013-2015

Neira, V

Brito, B

Mena, J Culhane, M Apel, MI Max, V Perez, P Moreno, V Mathieu, C Johow, M Badia, C Torremorell, M Medina, R Ortega, R

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: PLoS ONE, 2017, 12 (7)
Issue Date:: 2017-07-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Neira, V https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9062-9969	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Brito, B https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-2596	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Mena, J	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Culhane, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Apel, MI	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Max, V	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Perez, P	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Moreno, V	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Mathieu, C	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Johow, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Badia, C	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Torremorell, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Medina, R	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ortega, R	en_US
dc.date.available	2017-06-23	en_US
dc.date.issued	2017-07-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	PLoS ONE, 2017, 12 (7)	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/123985
dc.description.abstract	© 2017 Neira et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is endemic in most pork producing countries. In Chile, eradication of PRRS virus (PRRSV) was successfully achieved in 2009 as a result of the combined efforts of producers and the animal health authorities. In October 2013, after several years without detecting PRRSV under surveillance activities, suspected cases were confirmed on a commercial swine farm. Here, we describe the PRRS epidemic in Chile between October 2013 and April 2015, and we studied the origins and spread of PRRSV throughout the country using official surveillance data and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Our results indicate that the outbreaks were caused by a PRRSV closely related to viruses present in swine farms in North America, and different from the strain that circulated in the country before 2009. Using divergence time estimation analysis, we found that the 2013–2015 PRRSV may have been circulating in Chile for at least one month before the first detection. A single strain of PRRSV spread into a limited number of commercial and backyard swine farms. New infections in commercial systems have not been reported since October 2014, and eradication is underway by clearing the disease from the few commercial and backyard farms that remain positive. This is one of the few documented experiences of PRRSV introduction into a disease-free country.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	PLoS ONE	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1371/journal.pone.0181569	en_US
dc.subject.classification	General Science & Technology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Swine	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Bayes Theorem	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Disease Outbreaks	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Phylogeny	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animal Husbandry	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Chile	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Genetic Variation	en_US
dc.title	Epidemiological investigations of the introduction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Chile, 2013-2015	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	7	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	12	en_US
utslib.for	0707 Veterinary Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - ithree - Institute of Infection, Immunity and Innovation
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.issue	7	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	12	en_US

Abstract:

© 2017 Neira et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is endemic in most pork producing countries. In Chile, eradication of PRRS virus (PRRSV) was successfully achieved in 2009 as a result of the combined efforts of producers and the animal health authorities. In October 2013, after several years without detecting PRRSV under surveillance activities, suspected cases were confirmed on a commercial swine farm. Here, we describe the PRRS epidemic in Chile between October 2013 and April 2015, and we studied the origins and spread of PRRSV throughout the country using official surveillance data and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Our results indicate that the outbreaks were caused by a PRRSV closely related to viruses present in swine farms in North America, and different from the strain that circulated in the country before 2009. Using divergence time estimation analysis, we found that the 2013–2015 PRRSV may have been circulating in Chile for at least one month before the first detection. A single strain of PRRSV spread into a limited number of commercial and backyard swine farms. New infections in commercial systems have not been reported since October 2014, and eradication is underway by clearing the disease from the few commercial and backyard farms that remain positive. This is one of the few documented experiences of PRRSV introduction into a disease-free country.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/123985