Depth-profiling of Yb<sup>3+</sup> sensitizer ions in NaYF<inf>4</inf> upconversion nanoparticles

Xu, X; Clarke, C; Ma, C; Casillas, G; Das, M; Guan, M; Liu, D; Wang, L; Tadich, A; Du, Y; Ton-That, C; Jin, D

Depth-profiling of Yb<sup>3+</sup> sensitizer ions in NaYF<inf>4</inf> upconversion nanoparticles

Xu, X

Clarke, C

Ma, C Casillas, G Das, M Guan, M Liu, D Wang, L Tadich, A Du, Y

Ton-That, C

Jin, D

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Nanoscale, 2017, 9 (23), pp. 7719 - 7726
Issue Date:: 2017-06-21

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Xu, X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2598-3766	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Clarke, C https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7575-696X	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ma, C	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Casillas, G	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Das, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Guan, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Liu, D	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Wang, L	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Tadich, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Du, Y https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1932-6732	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ton-That, C https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3276-1739	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Jin, D https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-2666	en_US
dc.date.issued	2017-06-21	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Nanoscale, 2017, 9 (23), pp. 7719 - 7726	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	2040-3364	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/124132
dc.description.abstract	© 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Enhancing the efficiency of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and therefore their brightness is the critical goal for this emerging material to meet growing demands in many potential applications including sensing, imaging, solar energy conversion and photonics. The distribution of the photon sensitizer and activator ions that form a network of energy transfer systems within each single UCNP is vital for understanding and optimizing their optical properties. Here we employ synchrotron-based X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to characterize the depth distribution of Yb3+ sensitizer ions in host NaYF4 nanoparticles and systematically correlate the structure with the optical properties for a range of UCNPs with different sizes and doping concentrations. We find a radial gradient distribution of Yb3+ from the core to the surface of the NaYF4 nanoparticles, regardless of their size or the sensitizer's concentration. Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) was also used to further confirm the distribution of the sensitizer ions in the host matrix. These results have profound implications for the upconversion optical property variations.	en_US
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT130100517
dc.relation.ispartof	Nanoscale	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1039/c7nr01456b	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Nanoscience & Nanotechnology	en_US
dc.title	Depth-profiling of Yb<sup>3+</sup> sensitizer ions in NaYF<inf>4</inf> upconversion nanoparticles	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	23	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	9	en_US
utslib.for	1007 Nanotechnology	en_US
utslib.for	0299 Other Physical Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	0301 Analytical Chemistry	en_US
utslib.for	02 Physical Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	03 Chemical Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	10 Technology	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - IBMD - Initiative for Biomedical Devices
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Students
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	23	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	9	en_US

Abstract:

© 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Enhancing the efficiency of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and therefore their brightness is the critical goal for this emerging material to meet growing demands in many potential applications including sensing, imaging, solar energy conversion and photonics. The distribution of the photon sensitizer and activator ions that form a network of energy transfer systems within each single UCNP is vital for understanding and optimizing their optical properties. Here we employ synchrotron-based X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to characterize the depth distribution of Yb3+ sensitizer ions in host NaYF4 nanoparticles and systematically correlate the structure with the optical properties for a range of UCNPs with different sizes and doping concentrations. We find a radial gradient distribution of Yb3+ from the core to the surface of the NaYF4 nanoparticles, regardless of their size or the sensitizer's concentration. Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) was also used to further confirm the distribution of the sensitizer ions in the host matrix. These results have profound implications for the upconversion optical property variations.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/124132