Epidemiology and associated risk factors of giardiasis in a peri-urban setting in New South Wales Australia

Zajaczkowski, P; Mazumdar, S; Conaty, S; Ellis, JT; Fletcher-Lartey, SM

Epidemiology and associated risk factors of giardiasis in a peri-urban setting in New South Wales Australia

Zajaczkowski, P

Mazumdar, S Conaty, S Ellis, JT

Fletcher-Lartey, SM

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Epidemiology and Infection, 2019, 147
Issue Date:: 2019-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Zajaczkowski, P https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8047-1974	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Mazumdar, S	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Conaty, S	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ellis, JT https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-4831	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Fletcher-Lartey, SM	en_US
dc.date.issued	2019-01-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Epidemiology and Infection, 2019, 147	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0950-2688	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/130299
dc.description.abstract	© 2018 Cambridge University Press. Giardiasis is one of the most important non-viral causes of human diarrhoea. Yet, little is known about the epidemiology of giardiasis in the context of developed countries such as Australia and there is a limited information about local sources of exposure to inform prevention strategies in New South Wales. This study aimed to (1) describe the epidemiology of giardiasis and (2) identify potential modifiable risk factors associated with giardiasis that are unique to south-western Sydney, Australia. A 1:2 matched case-control study of 190 confirmed giardiasis cases notified to the South-Western Local Health District Public Health Unit from January to December 2016 was employed to investigate the risk factors for giardiasis. Two groups of controls were selected to increase response rate; Pertussis cases and neighbourhood (NBH) controls. A matched analysis was carried out for both control groups separately. Variables with a significant odds ratio (OR) in the univariate analysis were placed into a multivariable regression for each matched group, respectively. In the regression model with the NBH controls, age and sex were controlled as potential confounders. Identified risk factors included being under 5 years of age (aOR = 7.08; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.02-49.36), having a household member diagnosed with a gastrointestinal illness (aOR = 15.89; 95% CI 1.53-164.60) and having contact with farm animals, domestic animals or wildlife (aOR = 3.03; 95% CI 1.08-8.54). Cases that travelled overseas were at increased risk of infection (aOR = 19.89; 95% CI 2.00-197.37) when compared with Pertussis cases. This study provides an update on the epidemiology and associated risk factors of a neglected tropical disease, which can inform enhanced surveillance and prevention strategies in the developed metropolitan areas.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Epidemiology and Infection	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1017/S0950268818002637	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Epidemiology	en_US
dc.title	Epidemiology and associated risk factors of giardiasis in a peri-urban setting in New South Wales Australia	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	147	en_US
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	147	en_US

Abstract:

© 2018 Cambridge University Press. Giardiasis is one of the most important non-viral causes of human diarrhoea. Yet, little is known about the epidemiology of giardiasis in the context of developed countries such as Australia and there is a limited information about local sources of exposure to inform prevention strategies in New South Wales. This study aimed to (1) describe the epidemiology of giardiasis and (2) identify potential modifiable risk factors associated with giardiasis that are unique to south-western Sydney, Australia. A 1:2 matched case-control study of 190 confirmed giardiasis cases notified to the South-Western Local Health District Public Health Unit from January to December 2016 was employed to investigate the risk factors for giardiasis. Two groups of controls were selected to increase response rate; Pertussis cases and neighbourhood (NBH) controls. A matched analysis was carried out for both control groups separately. Variables with a significant odds ratio (OR) in the univariate analysis were placed into a multivariable regression for each matched group, respectively. In the regression model with the NBH controls, age and sex were controlled as potential confounders. Identified risk factors included being under 5 years of age (aOR = 7.08; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.02-49.36), having a household member diagnosed with a gastrointestinal illness (aOR = 15.89; 95% CI 1.53-164.60) and having contact with farm animals, domestic animals or wildlife (aOR = 3.03; 95% CI 1.08-8.54). Cases that travelled overseas were at increased risk of infection (aOR = 19.89; 95% CI 2.00-197.37) when compared with Pertussis cases. This study provides an update on the epidemiology and associated risk factors of a neglected tropical disease, which can inform enhanced surveillance and prevention strategies in the developed metropolitan areas.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/130299