Virulence adaptation in a rice leafhopper: Exposure to ineffective genes compromises pyramided resistance

Horgan, FG; Bernal, CC; Vu, Q; Almazan, MLP; Ramal, AF; Yasui, H; Fujita, D

Virulence adaptation in a rice leafhopper: Exposure to ineffective genes compromises pyramided resistance

Horgan, FG

Bernal, CC Vu, Q Almazan, MLP Ramal, AF Yasui, H Fujita, D

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Crop Protection, 2018, 113 pp. 40 - 47
Issue Date:: 2018-11-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Horgan, FG https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3796-667X	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Bernal, CC	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Vu, Q	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Almazan, MLP	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ramal, AF	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Yasui, H	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Fujita, D	en_US
dc.date.issued	2018-11-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Crop Protection, 2018, 113 pp. 40 - 47	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0261-2194	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/131092
dc.description.abstract	© 2018 The Authors Pyramiding resistance genes is predicted to increase the durability of resistant rice varieties against phloem-feeding herbivores. We examined responses by the green leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), to near-isogenic rice lines with zero, one and two resistance genes. The recurrent parent (T65) and monogenic lines (GRH2-NIL and GRH4-NIL) with genes for resistance to the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), were susceptible to the green leafhopper, but the pyramided line (GRH2/GRH4-PYL) was highly resistant to the green leafhopper. We selected green leafhoppers, N. virescens, from five sites in the Philippines for over 20 generations on each of the four lines. Populations selected on GRH2/GRH4-PYL gained partial virulence (feeding and development equal to that on T65) to the pyramided line within 10 generations and complete virulence (egg-laying equal to that on T65) within 20 generations. After 20 generations of rearing on the susceptible monogenic lines, green leafhoppers were also capable of developing and laying eggs on GRH2/GRH4-PYL. Furthermore, green leafhoppers reared on the susceptible GRH4-NIL for 20 generations showed equal preferences for T65 and GRH2/GRH4-PYL in choice bioassays. Our results indicate that previous long-term exposure to ineffective genes (including unperceived resistance genes) could dramatically reduce the durability of pyramided resistance. We suggest that informed crop management and deployment strategies should be developed to accompany rice lines with pyramided resistance and avoid the build-up of virulent herbivore populations.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Crop Protection	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.cropro.2018.07.010	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Entomology	en_US
dc.title	Virulence adaptation in a rice leafhopper: Exposure to ineffective genes compromises pyramided resistance	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	113	en_US
utslib.for	0703 Crop and Pasture Production	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	113	en_US

Abstract:

© 2018 The Authors Pyramiding resistance genes is predicted to increase the durability of resistant rice varieties against phloem-feeding herbivores. We examined responses by the green leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), to near-isogenic rice lines with zero, one and two resistance genes. The recurrent parent (T65) and monogenic lines (GRH2-NIL and GRH4-NIL) with genes for resistance to the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), were susceptible to the green leafhopper, but the pyramided line (GRH2/GRH4-PYL) was highly resistant to the green leafhopper. We selected green leafhoppers, N. virescens, from five sites in the Philippines for over 20 generations on each of the four lines. Populations selected on GRH2/GRH4-PYL gained partial virulence (feeding and development equal to that on T65) to the pyramided line within 10 generations and complete virulence (egg-laying equal to that on T65) within 20 generations. After 20 generations of rearing on the susceptible monogenic lines, green leafhoppers were also capable of developing and laying eggs on GRH2/GRH4-PYL. Furthermore, green leafhoppers reared on the susceptible GRH4-NIL for 20 generations showed equal preferences for T65 and GRH2/GRH4-PYL in choice bioassays. Our results indicate that previous long-term exposure to ineffective genes (including unperceived resistance genes) could dramatically reduce the durability of pyramided resistance. We suggest that informed crop management and deployment strategies should be developed to accompany rice lines with pyramided resistance and avoid the build-up of virulent herbivore populations.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/131092