Synthesis of nanosized vanadium pentoxide/carbon composites by spray pyrolysis for electrochemical capacitor application

Wang, B; Konstantinov, K; Wexler, D; Liu, H; Wang, GX

Synthesis of nanosized vanadium pentoxide/carbon composites by spray pyrolysis for electrochemical capacitor application

Wang, B

Konstantinov, K Wexler, D Liu, H

Wang, GX

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Electrochimica Acta, 2009, 54 (5), pp. 1420 - 1425
Issue Date:: 2009-02-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Wang, B https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3793-0629	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Konstantinov, K	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Wexler, D	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Liu, H https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-9472	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Wang, GX https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4295-8578	en_US
dc.date.issued	2009-02-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Electrochimica Acta, 2009, 54 (5), pp. 1420 - 1425	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0013-4686	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/13118
dc.description.abstract	Nanostructured vanadium pentoxide/carbon (V2O5/carbon) composite powders with enhanced specific capacitance were synthesized by the spray pyrolysis technique. Electrochemical properties were examined by the cyclic voltammetry technique. Following analysis of powders sprayed at different temperatures, composite powders obtained at an optimum temperature of 450 °C yielded a maximum specific capacitance of 295 F g-1 in 2 M KCl electrolyte at a 5-mV s-1 scan rate. The weight percentage of carbon-related species was 2.7 wt% in this V2O5/carbon composite, as detected by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and confirmed by transmission electron microscope energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM-EDS) analysis. Following initial X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization, scanning electron microscope (SEM), TEM and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) imaging revealed a specific morphology of spherical shell agglomerates of V2O5 nanorods and nanoribbons, with each shell comprising a network of these one- and two-dimensional nanoparticles in an amorphous carbon matrix. The V2O5 network was not fully dense, and the majority of the nanorod sizes were in the range of 50-150 nm, with additional long nanoribbons extending from the outsides of the spherical shells. The specific surface area was 18 m2 g-1 for the composite powders, and the pore size distribution revealed that the majority of pores had diameters in the range of 40-50 Å, which was relatively larger than the pore diameters obtained at 500 °C and would be beneficial for electrochemical performance. The enhancement of the specific capacitance in V2O5/carbon composites was attributed to the distribution of amorphous carbon throughout the V2O5 and the particular open nanostructure. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en_US
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP0772999
dc.relation.ispartof	Electrochimica Acta	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.electacta.2008.09.028	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Energy	en_US
dc.title	Synthesis of nanosized vanadium pentoxide/carbon composites by spray pyrolysis for electrochemical capacitor application	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	5	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	54	en_US
utslib.for	0306 Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)	en_US
utslib.for	0204 Condensed Matter Physics	en_US
utslib.for	02 Physical Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	03 Chemical Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	09 Engineering	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CCET - Centre for Clean Energy Technology
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	5	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	54	en_US

Abstract:

Nanostructured vanadium pentoxide/carbon (V2O5/carbon) composite powders with enhanced specific capacitance were synthesized by the spray pyrolysis technique. Electrochemical properties were examined by the cyclic voltammetry technique. Following analysis of powders sprayed at different temperatures, composite powders obtained at an optimum temperature of 450 °C yielded a maximum specific capacitance of 295 F g-1 in 2 M KCl electrolyte at a 5-mV s-1 scan rate. The weight percentage of carbon-related species was 2.7 wt% in this V2O5/carbon composite, as detected by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and confirmed by transmission electron microscope energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM-EDS) analysis. Following initial X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization, scanning electron microscope (SEM), TEM and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) imaging revealed a specific morphology of spherical shell agglomerates of V2O5 nanorods and nanoribbons, with each shell comprising a network of these one- and two-dimensional nanoparticles in an amorphous carbon matrix. The V2O5 network was not fully dense, and the majority of the nanorod sizes were in the range of 50-150 nm, with additional long nanoribbons extending from the outsides of the spherical shells. The specific surface area was 18 m2 g-1 for the composite powders, and the pore size distribution revealed that the majority of pores had diameters in the range of 40-50 Å, which was relatively larger than the pore diameters obtained at 500 °C and would be beneficial for electrochemical performance. The enhancement of the specific capacitance in V2O5/carbon composites was attributed to the distribution of amorphous carbon throughout the V2O5 and the particular open nanostructure. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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