Molecular detection of drug resistant malaria in Southern Thailand

Noisang, C; Prosser, C; Meyer, W; Chemoh, W; Ellis, J; Sawangjaroen, N; Lee, R

Molecular detection of drug resistant malaria in Southern Thailand

Noisang, C Prosser, C Meyer, W Chemoh, W Ellis, J

Sawangjaroen, N Lee, R

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Malaria Journal, 2019, 18 (1)
Issue Date:: 2019-08-15

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Noisang, C	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Prosser, C	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Meyer, W	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Chemoh, W	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ellis, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-4831	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Sawangjaroen, N	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Lee, R	en_US
dc.date.available	2019-08-02	en_US
dc.date.issued	2019-08-15	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Malaria Journal, 2019, 18 (1)	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/136105
dc.description.abstract	© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Drug resistance within the major malaria parasites Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum threatens malaria control and elimination in Southeast Asia. Plasmodium vivax first-line treatment drug is chloroquine together with primaquine, and the first-line treatment for P. falciparum malaria is artemisinin in combination with a partner drug. Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum parasites resistant to their respective first-line therapies are now found within Southeast Asia. The resistance perimeters may include high transmission regions of Southern Thailand which are underrepresented in surveillance efforts. Methods: This study investigated blood samples from malaria centres in Southern Thailand. Genetic loci associated with drug resistance were amplified and sequenced. Drug resistance associated genes Pvmdr1, Pvcrt-o, Pvdhfr, and Pvdhps were characterized for 145 cases of P. vivax malaria, as well as the artemisinin resistance-associated Pfkelch13 gene from 91 cases of P. falciparum malaria. Results: Plasmodium vivax samples from Southern Thai provinces showed numerous chloroquine and antifolate resistance-associated mutations, including SNP and Pvcrt-o K10-insertion combinations suggestive of chloroquine resistant P. vivax phenotypes. A high proportion of the C580Y coding mutation (conferring artemisinin resistance) was detected in P. falciparum samples originating from Ranong and Yala (where the mutation was previously unreported). Conclusions: The results demonstrate a risk of chloroquine and antifolate resistant P. vivax phenotypes in Southern Thailand, and artemisinin resistant P. falciparum observed as far south as the Thai-Malaysian border region. Ongoing surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance markers is called for in Southern Thailand to inform case management.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Malaria Journal	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1186/s12936-019-2903-y	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Tropical Medicine	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Humans	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Plasmodium falciparum	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Plasmodium vivax	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Protozoan Proteins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Antimalarials	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Drug Resistance	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Mutation	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adolescent	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adult	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Aged	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Aged, 80 and over	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Child	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Child, Preschool	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Thailand	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Female	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Male	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Young Adult	en_US
dc.title	Molecular detection of drug resistant malaria in Southern Thailand	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	1	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	18	en_US
utslib.for	1108 Medical Microbiology	en_US
utslib.for	0605 Microbiology	en_US
utslib.for	1117 Public Health and Health Services	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.issue	1	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	18	en_US

Abstract:

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Drug resistance within the major malaria parasites Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum threatens malaria control and elimination in Southeast Asia. Plasmodium vivax first-line treatment drug is chloroquine together with primaquine, and the first-line treatment for P. falciparum malaria is artemisinin in combination with a partner drug. Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum parasites resistant to their respective first-line therapies are now found within Southeast Asia. The resistance perimeters may include high transmission regions of Southern Thailand which are underrepresented in surveillance efforts. Methods: This study investigated blood samples from malaria centres in Southern Thailand. Genetic loci associated with drug resistance were amplified and sequenced. Drug resistance associated genes Pvmdr1, Pvcrt-o, Pvdhfr, and Pvdhps were characterized for 145 cases of P. vivax malaria, as well as the artemisinin resistance-associated Pfkelch13 gene from 91 cases of P. falciparum malaria. Results: Plasmodium vivax samples from Southern Thai provinces showed numerous chloroquine and antifolate resistance-associated mutations, including SNP and Pvcrt-o K10-insertion combinations suggestive of chloroquine resistant P. vivax phenotypes. A high proportion of the C580Y coding mutation (conferring artemisinin resistance) was detected in P. falciparum samples originating from Ranong and Yala (where the mutation was previously unreported). Conclusions: The results demonstrate a risk of chloroquine and antifolate resistant P. vivax phenotypes in Southern Thailand, and artemisinin resistant P. falciparum observed as far south as the Thai-Malaysian border region. Ongoing surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance markers is called for in Southern Thailand to inform case management.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/136105