Boosting the Reversibility of Sodium Metal Anode via Heteroatom-Doped Hollow Carbon Fibers

Zheng, X; Li, P; Cao, Z; Luo, W; Sun, F; Wang, Z; Ding, B; Wang, G; Huang, Y

Boosting the Reversibility of Sodium Metal Anode via Heteroatom-Doped Hollow Carbon Fibers

Zheng, X Li, P Cao, Z Luo, W Sun, F Wang, Z Ding, B Wang, G

Huang, Y

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Small, 2019, 15 (41)
Issue Date:: 2019-10-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Zheng, X	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Li, P	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Cao, Z	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Luo, W	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Sun, F	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Wang, Z	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Ding, B	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Wang, G https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4295-8578	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Huang, Y	en_US
dc.date.accessioned	2020-06-11T06:50:53Z
dc.date.accessioned	2020-06-11T06:50:54Z
dc.date.available	2020-06-11T06:50:53Z
dc.date.available	2020-06-11T06:50:54Z
dc.date.issued	2019-10-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Small, 2019, 15 (41)	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	1613-6810	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/141326
dc.description.abstract	© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Sodium (Na) metal anodes stand out with their remarkable capacity and natural abundance. However, the dendritic Na growth, infinite dimensional changes, and low Coulombic efficiency (CE) present key bottlenecks plaguing practical applications. Here, heteroatom-doped (nitrogen, sulfur) hollow carbon fibers (D-HCF) are rationally synthesized as a nucleation-assisting host to enable a highly reversible Na metal. The “sodiophilic” functional groups introduced by the heteroatom-doping and large surface area (≈1052 m2 g−1) synchronously contribute to a homogenous plating morphology with dissipated local current density. High “sodiophilicity” of the D-HCF is confirmed by first-principle calculations and experimental results, where strong adsorption energy of −3.52 eV with low Na+ nucleation overpotential of 3.2 mV at 0.2 mA cm−2 is realized. As such, highly reversible plating/stripping is achieved at 1.0 mA cm−2 with average CE approximating 99.52% over 600 cycles. The as-assembled Na@D-HCF symmetric cells exhibit a prolonged lifetime for 1000 h. A full-cell paired with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode further demonstrates stable electrochemical behavior for 200 cycles at 1 C along with excellent rate performance (102 mAh g−1 at 5 C). The results clearly show the effectiveness of the D-HCF in manipulating Na+ deposition and thus the significance of nucleation control in realizing dendrite-free metal anodes.	en_US
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP160104340
dc.relation.ispartof	Small	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1002/smll.201902688	en_US
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.subject.classification	Nanoscience & Nanotechnology	en_US
dc.title	Boosting the Reversibility of Sodium Metal Anode via Heteroatom-Doped Hollow Carbon Fibers	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	41	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	15	en_US
utslib.for	0303 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CCET - Centre for Clean Energy Technology
utslib.copyright.status	recently_added	*
pubs.issue	41	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	15	en_US

Abstract:

© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Sodium (Na) metal anodes stand out with their remarkable capacity and natural abundance. However, the dendritic Na growth, infinite dimensional changes, and low Coulombic efficiency (CE) present key bottlenecks plaguing practical applications. Here, heteroatom-doped (nitrogen, sulfur) hollow carbon fibers (D-HCF) are rationally synthesized as a nucleation-assisting host to enable a highly reversible Na metal. The “sodiophilic” functional groups introduced by the heteroatom-doping and large surface area (≈1052 m2 g−1) synchronously contribute to a homogenous plating morphology with dissipated local current density. High “sodiophilicity” of the D-HCF is confirmed by first-principle calculations and experimental results, where strong adsorption energy of −3.52 eV with low Na+ nucleation overpotential of 3.2 mV at 0.2 mA cm−2 is realized. As such, highly reversible plating/stripping is achieved at 1.0 mA cm−2 with average CE approximating 99.52% over 600 cycles. The as-assembled Na@D-HCF symmetric cells exhibit a prolonged lifetime for 1000 h. A full-cell paired with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode further demonstrates stable electrochemical behavior for 200 cycles at 1 C along with excellent rate performance (102 mAh g−1 at 5 C). The results clearly show the effectiveness of the D-HCF in manipulating Na+ deposition and thus the significance of nucleation control in realizing dendrite-free metal anodes.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/141326