Species diversity and genome evolution of the pathogenic protozoan parasite, Neospora caninum.

Calarco, L; Ellis, J

Species diversity and genome evolution of the pathogenic protozoan parasite, Neospora caninum.

Calarco, L

Ellis, J

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Publisher:: ELSEVIER
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases, 2020, 84
Issue Date:: 2020-10

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Calarco, L https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-6866
dc.contributor.author	Ellis, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-4831
dc.date.accessioned	2020-10-30T03:07:03Z
dc.date.available	2021-08-12T19:00:57Z
dc.date.issued	2020-10
dc.identifier.citation	Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases, 2020, 84
dc.identifier.issn	1567-1348
dc.identifier.issn	1567-7257
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/143603
dc.description.abstract	Neospora caninum is a cyst-forming coccidian parasite of veterinary and economical significance, affecting dairy and beef cattle industries on a global scale. Comparative studies suggest that N. caninum consists of a globally dispersed, diverse population of lineages, distinguished by their geographical origin, broad host range, and phenotypic features. This viewpoint is however changing. While intraspecies diversity, and more specifically pathogenic variability, has been experimentally demonstrated in a myriad of studies, the underlying contributors and sources responsible for such diversity have remained nebulous. However, recent large-scale sequence and bioinformatics studies have aided in revealing intrinsic genetic differences distinguishing isolates of this species, that await further characterisation as causative links to virulence and pathogenicity. Furthermore, progress on N. caninum research as a non-model organism is hindered by a lack of robust, annotated genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data for the species, especially compared to other thoroughly studied Apicomplexa such as Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium species. This review explores the current body of knowledge on intra-species diversity within N. caninum. This includes the contribution of sequence variants in both coding and non-coding regions, the presence of genome polymorphic hotspots, and the identification of non-synonymous mutations. The implications of such diversity on important parasite phenotypes such as pathogenicity and population structure are also discussed. Lastly, the identification of potential virulence factors from both in-silico and next generation sequencing studies is examined, offering new insights into potential avenues for future research on neosporosis.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	ELSEVIER
dc.relation.ispartof	Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
dc.relation.hasversion	Accepted Manuscript Version	en
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104444
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subject	0604 Genetics
dc.subject.classification	Microbiology
dc.title	Species diversity and genome evolution of the pathogenic protozoan parasite, Neospora caninum.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	84
utslib.location.activity	Netherlands
utslib.for	0604 Genetics
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2020-10-30T03:06:55Z
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	84

Abstract:

Neospora caninum is a cyst-forming coccidian parasite of veterinary and economical significance, affecting dairy and beef cattle industries on a global scale. Comparative studies suggest that N. caninum consists of a globally dispersed, diverse population of lineages, distinguished by their geographical origin, broad host range, and phenotypic features. This viewpoint is however changing. While intraspecies diversity, and more specifically pathogenic variability, has been experimentally demonstrated in a myriad of studies, the underlying contributors and sources responsible for such diversity have remained nebulous. However, recent large-scale sequence and bioinformatics studies have aided in revealing intrinsic genetic differences distinguishing isolates of this species, that await further characterisation as causative links to virulence and pathogenicity. Furthermore, progress on N. caninum research as a non-model organism is hindered by a lack of robust, annotated genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data for the species, especially compared to other thoroughly studied Apicomplexa such as Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium species. This review explores the current body of knowledge on intra-species diversity within N. caninum. This includes the contribution of sequence variants in both coding and non-coding regions, the presence of genome polymorphic hotspots, and the identification of non-synonymous mutations. The implications of such diversity on important parasite phenotypes such as pathogenicity and population structure are also discussed. Lastly, the identification of potential virulence factors from both in-silico and next generation sequencing studies is examined, offering new insights into potential avenues for future research on neosporosis.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/143603