Greenhouse gas microbiology in wet and dry straw crust covering pig slurry

Hansen, RR; Nielsen, DA; Schramm, A; Nielsen, LP; Revsbech, NP; Hansen, MN

Greenhouse gas microbiology in wet and dry straw crust covering pig slurry

Hansen, RR Nielsen, DA

Schramm, A Nielsen, LP Revsbech, NP Hansen, MN

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Journal of Environmental Quality, 2009, 38 (3), pp. 1311 - 1319
Issue Date:: 2009-05-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Hansen, RR	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Nielsen, DA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6678-5937	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Schramm, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Nielsen, LP	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Revsbech, NP	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Hansen, MN	en_US
dc.date.issued	2009-05-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Journal of Environmental Quality, 2009, 38 (3), pp. 1311 - 1319	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0047-2425	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/15005
dc.description.abstract	Liquid manure (slurry) storages are sources of gases such as ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4). Danish slurry storages are required to be covered to reduce NH3 emissions and often a floating crust of straw is applied. This study investigated whether physical properties of the crust or crust microbiology had an effect on the emission of the potent greenhouse gases CH4 and nitrous oxide (N2O) when crust moisture was manipulated ("dry", "moderate", and "wet"). The dry crust had the deepest oxygen penetration (45 mm as compared to 20 mm in the wet treatment) as measured with microsensors, the highest amounts of nitrogen oxides (NO2- and NO 3-) (up to 36 μmol g-1 wet weight) and the highest emissions of N2O and CH4. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and gene-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to detect occurrence of bacterial groups. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were abundant in all three crust types, whereas nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were undetectable and methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) were only sparsely present in the wet treatment. A change to anoxia did not affect the CH4 emission indicating the virtual absence of aerobic methane oxidation in the investigated 2-mo old crusts. However, an increase in N2O emission was observed in all crusted treatments exposed to anoxia, and this was probably a result of denitrification based on NOx- that had accumulated in the crust during oxic conditions. To reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions, floating crust should be managed to optimize conditions for methanotrophs. Copyright © 2009 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of Environmental Quality	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.2134/jeq2008.0336	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Agronomy & Agriculture	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Swine	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrobacter	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrosomonas	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Oxygen	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Nitrous Oxide	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Water	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Methane	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Manure	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cloning, Molecular	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Polymerase Chain Reaction	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Soil Microbiology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Greenhouse Effect	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Waste Management	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Volatilization	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Hypoxia	en_US
dc.title	Greenhouse gas microbiology in wet and dry straw crust covering pig slurry	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	3	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	38	en_US
utslib.for	0602 Ecology	en_US
utslib.for	04 Earth Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	05 Environmental Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	06 Biological Sciences	en_US
dc.location.activity	WOS:000265755500046	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	3	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	38	en_US

Abstract:

Liquid manure (slurry) storages are sources of gases such as ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4). Danish slurry storages are required to be covered to reduce NH3 emissions and often a floating crust of straw is applied. This study investigated whether physical properties of the crust or crust microbiology had an effect on the emission of the potent greenhouse gases CH4 and nitrous oxide (N2O) when crust moisture was manipulated ("dry", "moderate", and "wet"). The dry crust had the deepest oxygen penetration (45 mm as compared to 20 mm in the wet treatment) as measured with microsensors, the highest amounts of nitrogen oxides (NO2- and NO 3-) (up to 36 μmol g-1 wet weight) and the highest emissions of N2O and CH4. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and gene-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to detect occurrence of bacterial groups. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were abundant in all three crust types, whereas nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were undetectable and methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) were only sparsely present in the wet treatment. A change to anoxia did not affect the CH4 emission indicating the virtual absence of aerobic methane oxidation in the investigated 2-mo old crusts. However, an increase in N2O emission was observed in all crusted treatments exposed to anoxia, and this was probably a result of denitrification based on NOx- that had accumulated in the crust during oxic conditions. To reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions, floating crust should be managed to optimize conditions for methanotrophs. Copyright © 2009 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/15005