Gambierdiscus, the cause of ciguatera fish poisoning: an increased human health threat influenced by climate change
- Publisher:
- De Gruyter
- Publication Type:
- Chapter
- Citation:
- Climate Change and Marine and Freshwater Toxins, 2020, 2, pp. 303-368
- Issue Date:
- 2020-12-16
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| Filename | Description | Size | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.1515_9783110625738-009.pdf | Published version | 391.22 kB |
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New species of Gambieriscus are continually being described, with evidence showing that each species might have its own characteristic toxin profile [10, 12, 13].As in the case of other dinoflagellate genera such as AlexandriumorKarenia, the pro-duction or not of certain toxin groups appears to generally vary at the species level, rather than being consistent within the genus [16]. For this reason, species of harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming taxa are monitored, acting as early-warning systems for shellfish and seafood safety. This review highlights the significant advances in the study of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. We provide a summary of the morphology and phylogenetics of species of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa, their toxicology, distribution, chemistry and methods for the detection of CTXs and MTXs in seafood. While, in re-cent years, advances have been made in our understanding of these genera, this re-view further outlines the major gaps in our current understanding of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa and outlines goals for future research in this field
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