Neonatal Rats Exhibit a Predominantly Anti-Inflammatory Response following Spinal Cord Injury.

Sutherland, TC; Ricafrente, A; Gomola, K; O'Brien, BA; Gorrie, CA

Neonatal Rats Exhibit a Predominantly Anti-Inflammatory Response following Spinal Cord Injury.

Sutherland, TC Ricafrente, A Gomola, K O'Brien, BA Gorrie, CA

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Publisher:: KARGER
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Dev Neurosci, 2021, 43, (1), pp. 18-26
Issue Date:: 2021

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Sutherland, TC
dc.contributor.author	Ricafrente, A
dc.contributor.author	Gomola, K
dc.contributor.author	O'Brien, BA
dc.contributor.author	Gorrie, CA
dc.date.accessioned	2022-01-13T22:26:02Z
dc.date.available	2021-01-20
dc.date.available	2022-01-13T22:26:02Z
dc.date.issued	2021
dc.identifier.citation	Dev Neurosci, 2021, 43, (1), pp. 18-26
dc.identifier.issn	0378-5866
dc.identifier.issn	1421-9859
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/153079
dc.description.abstract	It has been reported that children may respond better than adults to a spinal cord injury (SCI) of similar severity. There are known biomechanical differences in the developing spinal cord that may contribute to this "infant lesion effect," but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Using immunohistochemistry, we have previously demonstrated a different injury progression and immune cell response after a mild thoracic contusion SCI in infant rats, as compared to adult rats. Here, we investigated the acute inflammatory responses using flow cytometry and ELISA at 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week after SCI in neonatal (P7) and adult (9 weeks) rats, and locomotor recovery was examined for 6 weeks after injury. Adult rats exhibited a pronounced pro-inflammatory response characterized by neutrophils and M1-like macrophage infiltration and Th1 cytokine secretion. Neonatal rats exhibited a decreased pro-inflammatory response characterized by a higher proportion of M2-like macrophages and reduced Th1 cytokine responses, as compared to adults. These results suggest that the initial inflammatory response to SCI is predominantly anti-inflammatory in very young animals.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	KARGER
dc.relation.ispartof	Dev Neurosci
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1159/000514612
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subject	1109 Neurosciences, 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, 1702 Cognitive Sciences
dc.subject.classification	Neurology & Neurosurgery
dc.title	Neonatal Rats Exhibit a Predominantly Anti-Inflammatory Response following Spinal Cord Injury.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	43
utslib.location.activity	Switzerland
utslib.for	1109 Neurosciences
utslib.for	1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine
utslib.for	1702 Cognitive Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHT - Health Technologies
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Centre for Health Technologies (CHT)
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
utslib.copyright.embargo	2022-05-01T00:00:00+1000Z
dc.date.updated	2022-01-13T22:26:01Z
pubs.issue	1
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	43
utslib.citation.issue	1

Abstract:

It has been reported that children may respond better than adults to a spinal cord injury (SCI) of similar severity. There are known biomechanical differences in the developing spinal cord that may contribute to this "infant lesion effect," but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Using immunohistochemistry, we have previously demonstrated a different injury progression and immune cell response after a mild thoracic contusion SCI in infant rats, as compared to adult rats. Here, we investigated the acute inflammatory responses using flow cytometry and ELISA at 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week after SCI in neonatal (P7) and adult (9 weeks) rats, and locomotor recovery was examined for 6 weeks after injury. Adult rats exhibited a pronounced pro-inflammatory response characterized by neutrophils and M1-like macrophage infiltration and Th1 cytokine secretion. Neonatal rats exhibited a decreased pro-inflammatory response characterized by a higher proportion of M2-like macrophages and reduced Th1 cytokine responses, as compared to adults. These results suggest that the initial inflammatory response to SCI is predominantly anti-inflammatory in very young animals.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/153079