Development and validation of a color spot test method for the presumptive detection of 25-NBOMe compounds.

Clancy, L; Philp, M; Shimmon, R; Fu, S

Development and validation of a color spot test method for the presumptive detection of 25-NBOMe compounds.

Clancy, L

Philp, M Shimmon, R

Fu, S

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Publisher:: John Wiley and Sons
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Drug Testing and Analysis, 2021, 13, (5), pp. 929-943
Issue Date:: 2021-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Clancy, L https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1702-8363
dc.contributor.author	Philp, M
dc.contributor.author	Shimmon, R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8763-991X
dc.contributor.author	Fu, S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6238-3612
dc.date.accessioned	2022-01-19T02:11:42Z
dc.date.available	2020-07-28
dc.date.available	2022-01-19T02:11:42Z
dc.date.issued	2021-01-01
dc.identifier.citation	Drug Testing and Analysis, 2021, 13, (5), pp. 929-943
dc.identifier.issn	1942-7603
dc.identifier.issn	1942-7611
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/153341
dc.description.abstract	The great increase of new psychoactive substances over the past decade has substantially transformed the illicit drug industry to an ever-changing dynamic market. 25-NBOMe compounds are just one of these new substance groups that pose a public health risk in many countries around the world. These highly potent, hallucinogenic phenethylamines have previously been sold as "legal highs" or "synthetic LSD" and the necessity to rapidly identify their presence is crucial. While there are many laboratory-based analytical methods capable of identifying these compounds, the lack of presumptive test methods indicates the need for a specific and timely test that could be used in the field. Herein we outline the developed chemical spot test that can selectively identify the presence of 25-NBOMe compounds and related analogs through the reaction with a substituted benzoquinone reagent under basic conditions. This test method has been comprehensively validated showing a high level of selectivity, specificity, and precision with only two other illicit substances producing similar positive results as 25-NBOMe and few false-negative results seen. The working limit of detection was determined to be 225 μg and there was no cross-reactivity from potential adulterants of significance. This test has also been shown to work directly with blotter papers containing 25-NBOMe compounds, indicating no interference from this common matrix and the ability to differentiate these compounds from LSD. This method shows a high potential to be translated to a field compatible test that is simple, rapid, and selective for 25-NBOMe compounds.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	John Wiley and Sons
dc.relation.ispartof	Drug Testing and Analysis
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1002/dta.2905
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	0301 Analytical Chemistry, 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
dc.subject.classification	Analytical Chemistry
dc.subject.mesh	Color
dc.subject.mesh	Colorimetry
dc.subject.mesh	Hallucinogens
dc.subject.mesh	Limit of Detection
dc.subject.mesh	Phenethylamines
dc.subject.mesh	Predictive Value of Tests
dc.subject.mesh	Reproducibility of Results
dc.subject.mesh	Substance Abuse Detection
dc.subject.mesh	Phenethylamines
dc.subject.mesh	Hallucinogens
dc.subject.mesh	Colorimetry
dc.subject.mesh	Reproducibility of Results
dc.subject.mesh	Predictive Value of Tests
dc.subject.mesh	Substance Abuse Detection
dc.subject.mesh	Color
dc.subject.mesh	Limit of Detection
dc.title	Development and validation of a color spot test method for the presumptive detection of 25-NBOMe compounds.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	13
utslib.location.activity	England
utslib.for	0301 Analytical Chemistry
utslib.for	0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology
utslib.for	1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CFS - Centre for Forensic Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CCET - Centre for Clean Energy Technology
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	true
dc.date.updated	2022-01-19T02:11:37Z
pubs.issue	5
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	13
utslib.citation.issue	5

Abstract:

The great increase of new psychoactive substances over the past decade has substantially transformed the illicit drug industry to an ever-changing dynamic market. 25-NBOMe compounds are just one of these new substance groups that pose a public health risk in many countries around the world. These highly potent, hallucinogenic phenethylamines have previously been sold as "legal highs" or "synthetic LSD" and the necessity to rapidly identify their presence is crucial. While there are many laboratory-based analytical methods capable of identifying these compounds, the lack of presumptive test methods indicates the need for a specific and timely test that could be used in the field. Herein we outline the developed chemical spot test that can selectively identify the presence of 25-NBOMe compounds and related analogs through the reaction with a substituted benzoquinone reagent under basic conditions. This test method has been comprehensively validated showing a high level of selectivity, specificity, and precision with only two other illicit substances producing similar positive results as 25-NBOMe and few false-negative results seen. The working limit of detection was determined to be 225 μg and there was no cross-reactivity from potential adulterants of significance. This test has also been shown to work directly with blotter papers containing 25-NBOMe compounds, indicating no interference from this common matrix and the ability to differentiate these compounds from LSD. This method shows a high potential to be translated to a field compatible test that is simple, rapid, and selective for 25-NBOMe compounds.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/153341