Stratified Disk Microrobots with Dynamic Maneuverability and Proton-Activatable Luminescence for in Vivo Imaging.

Liu, Y; Lin, G; Bao, G; Guan, M; Yang, L; Liu, Y; Wang, D; Zhang, X; Liao, J; Fang, G; Di, X; Huang, G; Zhou, J; Cheng, YY; Jin, D

Stratified Disk Microrobots with Dynamic Maneuverability and Proton-Activatable Luminescence for in Vivo Imaging.

Liu, Y Lin, G

Bao, G

Guan, M Yang, L Liu, Y Wang, D Zhang, X Liao, J

Fang, G Di, X Huang, G

Zhou, J

Cheng, YY Jin, D

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Publisher:: American Chemical Society
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: ACS Nano, 2021, 15, (12), pp. 19924-19937
Issue Date:: 2021-12-28

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Liu, Y
dc.contributor.author	Lin, G https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9880-8478
dc.contributor.author	Bao, G https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5103-5009
dc.contributor.author	Guan, M
dc.contributor.author	Yang, L
dc.contributor.author	Liu, Y
dc.contributor.author	Wang, D
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, X
dc.contributor.author	Liao, J https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-4762
dc.contributor.author	Fang, G
dc.contributor.author	Di, X
dc.contributor.author	Huang, G https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7524-8199
dc.contributor.author	Zhou, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0605-5745
dc.contributor.author	Cheng, YY
dc.contributor.author	Jin, D https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-2666
dc.date.accessioned	2022-02-07T04:37:28Z
dc.date.available	2022-02-07T04:37:28Z
dc.date.issued	2021-12-28
dc.identifier.citation	ACS Nano, 2021, 15, (12), pp. 19924-19937
dc.identifier.issn	1936-0851
dc.identifier.issn	1936-086X
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/154245
dc.description.abstract	Microrobots can expand our abilities to access remote, confined, and enclosed spaces. Their potential applications inside our body are obvious, e.g., to diagnose diseases, deliver medicine, and monitor treatment efficacy. However, critical requirements exist in relation to their operations in gastrointestinal environments, including resistance to strong gastric acid, responsivity to a narrow proton variation window, and locomotion in confined cavities with hierarchical terrains. Here, we report a proton-activatable microrobot to enable real-time, repeated, and site-selective pH sensing and monitoring in physiological relevant environments. This is achieved by stratifying a hydrogel disk to combine a range of functional nanomaterials, including proton-responsive molecular switches, upconversion nanoparticles, and near-infrared (NIR) emitters. By leveraging the 3D magnetic gradient fields and the anisotropic composition, the microrobot can be steered to locomote as a gyrating "Euler's disk", i.e., aslant relative to the surface and along its low-friction outer circumference, exhibiting a high motility of up to 60 body lengths/s. The enhanced magnetomotility can boost the pH-sensing kinetics by 2-fold. The fluorescence of the molecular switch can respond to pH variations with over 600-fold enhancement when the pH decreases from 8 to 1, and the integration of upconversion nanoparticles further allows both the efficient sensitization of NIR light through deep tissue and energy transfer to activate the pH probes. Moreover, the embedded down-shifting NIR emitters provide sufficient contrast for imaging of a single microrobot inside a live mouse. This work suggests great potential in developing multifunctional microrobots to perform generic site-selective tasks in vivo.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	American Chemical Society
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/IH150100028
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1160635
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FL210100180
dc.relation.ispartof	ACS Nano
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1021/acsnano.1c07431
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject.classification	Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Diagnostic Imaging
dc.subject.mesh	Hydrogels
dc.subject.mesh	Luminescence
dc.subject.mesh	Mice
dc.subject.mesh	Nanoparticles
dc.subject.mesh	Protons
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Diagnostic Imaging
dc.subject.mesh	Hydrogels
dc.subject.mesh	Luminescence
dc.subject.mesh	Mice
dc.subject.mesh	Nanoparticles
dc.subject.mesh	Protons
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Mice
dc.subject.mesh	Protons
dc.subject.mesh	Hydrogels
dc.subject.mesh	Diagnostic Imaging
dc.subject.mesh	Luminescence
dc.subject.mesh	Nanoparticles
dc.title	Stratified Disk Microrobots with Dynamic Maneuverability and Proton-Activatable Luminescence for in Vivo Imaging.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	15
utslib.location.activity	United States
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - IBMD - Initiative for Biomedical Devices
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2022-02-07T04:37:24Z
pubs.issue	12
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	15
utslib.citation.issue	12

Abstract:

Microrobots can expand our abilities to access remote, confined, and enclosed spaces. Their potential applications inside our body are obvious, e.g., to diagnose diseases, deliver medicine, and monitor treatment efficacy. However, critical requirements exist in relation to their operations in gastrointestinal environments, including resistance to strong gastric acid, responsivity to a narrow proton variation window, and locomotion in confined cavities with hierarchical terrains. Here, we report a proton-activatable microrobot to enable real-time, repeated, and site-selective pH sensing and monitoring in physiological relevant environments. This is achieved by stratifying a hydrogel disk to combine a range of functional nanomaterials, including proton-responsive molecular switches, upconversion nanoparticles, and near-infrared (NIR) emitters. By leveraging the 3D magnetic gradient fields and the anisotropic composition, the microrobot can be steered to locomote as a gyrating "Euler's disk", i.e., aslant relative to the surface and along its low-friction outer circumference, exhibiting a high motility of up to 60 body lengths/s. The enhanced magnetomotility can boost the pH-sensing kinetics by 2-fold. The fluorescence of the molecular switch can respond to pH variations with over 600-fold enhancement when the pH decreases from 8 to 1, and the integration of upconversion nanoparticles further allows both the efficient sensitization of NIR light through deep tissue and energy transfer to activate the pH probes. Moreover, the embedded down-shifting NIR emitters provide sufficient contrast for imaging of a single microrobot inside a live mouse. This work suggests great potential in developing multifunctional microrobots to perform generic site-selective tasks in vivo.

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:

http://hdl.handle.net/10453/154245