Ultrahard bulk amorphous carbon from collapsed fullerene.

Shang, Y; Liu, Z; Dong, J; Yao, M; Yang, Z; Li, Q; Zhai, C; Shen, F; Hou, X; Wang, L; Zhang, N; Zhang, W; Fu, R; Ji, J; Zhang, X; Lin, H; Fei, Y; Sundqvist, B; Wang, W; Liu, B

Ultrahard bulk amorphous carbon from collapsed fullerene.

Shang, Y Liu, Z Dong, J Yao, M Yang, Z Li, Q Zhai, C Shen, F Hou, X Wang, L Zhang, N Zhang, W Fu, R

Ji, J Zhang, X Lin, H Fei, Y Sundqvist, B Wang, W Liu, B

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Publisher:: Nature Research
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Nature, 2021, 599, (7886), pp. 599-604
Issue Date:: 2021-11

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Shang, Y
dc.contributor.author	Liu, Z
dc.contributor.author	Dong, J
dc.contributor.author	Yao, M
dc.contributor.author	Yang, Z
dc.contributor.author	Li, Q
dc.contributor.author	Zhai, C
dc.contributor.author	Shen, F
dc.contributor.author	Hou, X
dc.contributor.author	Wang, L
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, N
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, W
dc.contributor.author	Fu, R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-7722
dc.contributor.author	Ji, J
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, X
dc.contributor.author	Lin, H
dc.contributor.author	Fei, Y
dc.contributor.author	Sundqvist, B
dc.contributor.author	Wang, W
dc.contributor.author	Liu, B
dc.date.accessioned	2022-02-16T00:55:12Z
dc.date.available	2021-08-05
dc.date.available	2022-02-16T00:55:12Z
dc.date.issued	2021-11
dc.identifier.citation	Nature, 2021, 599, (7886), pp. 599-604
dc.identifier.issn	0028-0836
dc.identifier.issn	1476-4687
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/154569
dc.description.abstract	Amorphous materials inherit short- and medium-range order from the corresponding crystal and thus preserve some of its properties while still exhibiting novel properties1,2. Due to its important applications in technology, amorphous carbon with sp2 or mixed sp2-sp3 hybridization has been explored and prepared3,4, but synthesis of bulk amorphous carbon with sp3 concentration close to 100% remains a challenge. Such materials inherit the short-/medium-range order of diamond and should also inherit its superior properties5. Here, we successfully synthesized millimetre-sized samples-with volumes 103-104 times as large as produced in earlier studies-of transparent, nearly pure sp3 amorphous carbon by heating fullerenes at pressures close to the cage collapse boundary. The material synthesized consists of many randomly oriented clusters with diamond-like short-/medium-range order and possesses the highest hardness (101.9 ± 2.3 GPa), elastic modulus (1,182 ± 40 GPa) and thermal conductivity (26.0 ± 1.3 W m-1 K-1) observed in any known amorphous material. It also exhibits optical bandgaps tunable from 1.85 eV to 2.79 eV. These discoveries contribute to our knowledge about advanced amorphous materials and the synthesis of bulk amorphous materials by high-pressure and high-temperature techniques and may enable new applications for amorphous solids.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Nature Research
dc.relation.ispartof	Nature
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1038/s41586-021-03882-9
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject.classification	General Science & Technology
dc.title	Ultrahard bulk amorphous carbon from collapsed fullerene.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	599
utslib.location.activity	England
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2022-02-16T00:55:00Z
pubs.issue	7886
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	599
utslib.citation.issue	7886

Abstract:

Amorphous materials inherit short- and medium-range order from the corresponding crystal and thus preserve some of its properties while still exhibiting novel properties1,2. Due to its important applications in technology, amorphous carbon with sp2 or mixed sp2-sp3 hybridization has been explored and prepared3,4, but synthesis of bulk amorphous carbon with sp3 concentration close to 100% remains a challenge. Such materials inherit the short-/medium-range order of diamond and should also inherit its superior properties5. Here, we successfully synthesized millimetre-sized samples-with volumes 103-104 times as large as produced in earlier studies-of transparent, nearly pure sp3 amorphous carbon by heating fullerenes at pressures close to the cage collapse boundary. The material synthesized consists of many randomly oriented clusters with diamond-like short-/medium-range order and possesses the highest hardness (101.9 ± 2.3 GPa), elastic modulus (1,182 ± 40 GPa) and thermal conductivity (26.0 ± 1.3 W m-1 K-1) observed in any known amorphous material. It also exhibits optical bandgaps tunable from 1.85 eV to 2.79 eV. These discoveries contribute to our knowledge about advanced amorphous materials and the synthesis of bulk amorphous materials by high-pressure and high-temperature techniques and may enable new applications for amorphous solids.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/154569