Genomic and phenotypic analyses of diverse non-clinical Acinetobacter baumannii strains reveals strain-specific virulence and resistance capacity.

Hamidian, M; Maharjan, RP; Farrugia, DN; Delgado, NN; Dinh, H; Short, FL; Kostoulias, X; Peleg, AY; Paulsen, IT; Cain, AK

Genomic and phenotypic analyses of diverse non-clinical Acinetobacter baumannii strains reveals strain-specific virulence and resistance capacity.

Hamidian, M

Maharjan, RP Farrugia, DN Delgado, NN Dinh, H Short, FL Kostoulias, X Peleg, AY Paulsen, IT Cain, AK

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Publisher:: MICROBIOLOGY SOC
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Microb Genom, 2022, 8, (2)
Issue Date:: 2022-02

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Hamidian, M https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3614-7261
dc.contributor.author	Maharjan, RP
dc.contributor.author	Farrugia, DN
dc.contributor.author	Delgado, NN
dc.contributor.author	Dinh, H
dc.contributor.author	Short, FL
dc.contributor.author	Kostoulias, X
dc.contributor.author	Peleg, AY
dc.contributor.author	Paulsen, IT
dc.contributor.author	Cain, AK
dc.date.accessioned	2022-03-31T23:40:55Z
dc.date.available	2022-03-31T23:40:55Z
dc.date.issued	2022-02
dc.identifier.citation	Microb Genom, 2022, 8, (2)
dc.identifier.issn	2057-5858
dc.identifier.issn	2057-5858
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/155823
dc.description.abstract	Acinetobacter baumannii is a critically important pathogen known for its widespread antibiotic resistance and ability to persist in hospital-associated environments. Whilst the majority of A. baumannii infections are hospital-acquired, infections from outside the hospital have been reported with high mortality. Despite this, little is known about the natural environmental reservoir(s) of A. baumannii and the virulence potential underlying non-clinical strains. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of six diverse strains isolated from environments such as river, soil, and industrial sites around the world. Phylogenetic analyses showed that four of these strains were unrelated to representative nosocomial strains and do not share a monophyletic origin, whereas two had sequence types belonging to the global clone lineages GC1 and GC2. Further, the majority of these strains harboured genes linked to virulence and stress protection in nosocomial strains. These genotypic properties correlated well with in vitro virulence phenotypic assays testing resistance to abiotic stresses, serum survival, and capsule formation. Virulence potential was confirmed in vivo, with most environmental strains able to effectively kill Galleria mellonella greater wax moth larvae. Using phenomic arrays and antibiotic resistance profiling, environmental and nosocomial strains were shown to have similar substrate utilisation patterns although environmental strains were distinctly more sensitive to antibiotics. Taken together, these features of environmental A. baumannii strains suggest the existence of a strain-specific distinct gene pools for niche specific adaptation. Furthermore, environmental strains appear to be equally virulent as contemporary nosocomial strains but remain largely antibiotic sensitive.
dc.format	Print
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	MICROBIOLOGY SOC
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DE200100111
dc.relation.ispartof	Microb Genom
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1099/mgen.0.000765
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	0604 Genetics, 0605 Microbiology
dc.subject.mesh	Acinetobacter Infections
dc.subject.mesh	Acinetobacter baumannii
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Anti-Bacterial Agents
dc.subject.mesh	Biofilms
dc.subject.mesh	Cross Infection
dc.subject.mesh	Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
dc.subject.mesh	Genomics
dc.subject.mesh	Hospitals
dc.subject.mesh	Moths
dc.subject.mesh	Phylogeny
dc.subject.mesh	Virulence
dc.subject.mesh	Virulence Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Whole Genome Sequencing
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Moths
dc.subject.mesh	Biofilms
dc.subject.mesh	Acinetobacter baumannii
dc.subject.mesh	Acinetobacter Infections
dc.subject.mesh	Cross Infection
dc.subject.mesh	Virulence Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Anti-Bacterial Agents
dc.subject.mesh	Genomics
dc.subject.mesh	Phylogeny
dc.subject.mesh	Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
dc.subject.mesh	Virulence
dc.subject.mesh	Hospitals
dc.subject.mesh	Whole Genome Sequencing
dc.title	Genomic and phenotypic analyses of diverse non-clinical Acinetobacter baumannii strains reveals strain-specific virulence and resistance capacity.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	8
utslib.location.activity	England
utslib.for	0604 Genetics
utslib.for	0605 Microbiology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - ithree - Institute of Infection, Immunity and Innovation
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
dc.date.updated	2022-03-31T23:40:53Z
pubs.issue	2
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	8
utslib.citation.issue	2

Abstract:

Acinetobacter baumannii is a critically important pathogen known for its widespread antibiotic resistance and ability to persist in hospital-associated environments. Whilst the majority of A. baumannii infections are hospital-acquired, infections from outside the hospital have been reported with high mortality. Despite this, little is known about the natural environmental reservoir(s) of A. baumannii and the virulence potential underlying non-clinical strains. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of six diverse strains isolated from environments such as river, soil, and industrial sites around the world. Phylogenetic analyses showed that four of these strains were unrelated to representative nosocomial strains and do not share a monophyletic origin, whereas two had sequence types belonging to the global clone lineages GC1 and GC2. Further, the majority of these strains harboured genes linked to virulence and stress protection in nosocomial strains. These genotypic properties correlated well with in vitro virulence phenotypic assays testing resistance to abiotic stresses, serum survival, and capsule formation. Virulence potential was confirmed in vivo, with most environmental strains able to effectively kill Galleria mellonella greater wax moth larvae. Using phenomic arrays and antibiotic resistance profiling, environmental and nosocomial strains were shown to have similar substrate utilisation patterns although environmental strains were distinctly more sensitive to antibiotics. Taken together, these features of environmental A. baumannii strains suggest the existence of a strain-specific distinct gene pools for niche specific adaptation. Furthermore, environmental strains appear to be equally virulent as contemporary nosocomial strains but remain largely antibiotic sensitive.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/155823