SARS Coronavirus-2 Microneutralisation and Commercial Serological Assays Correlated Closely for Some but Not All Enzyme Immunoassays

Walker, GJ; Naing, Z; Stella, AO; Yeang, M; Caguicla, J; Ramachandran, V; Isaacs, SR; Agapiou, D; Bull, RA; Stelzer-Braid, S; Daly, J; Gosbell, IB; Hoad, VC; Irving, DO; Pink, JM; Turville, S; Kelleher, AD; Rawlinson, WD

SARS Coronavirus-2 Microneutralisation and Commercial Serological Assays Correlated Closely for Some but Not All Enzyme Immunoassays

Walker, GJ Naing, Z Stella, AO Yeang, M Caguicla, J Ramachandran, V Isaacs, SR Agapiou, D Bull, RA Stelzer-Braid, S

Daly, J Gosbell, IB Hoad, VC Irving, DO Pink, JM Turville, S Kelleher, AD Rawlinson, WD

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Publisher:: MDPI AG
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Viruses, 2021, 13, (2), pp. 1-10
Issue Date:: 2021-02-04

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Walker, GJ
dc.contributor.author	Naing, Z
dc.contributor.author	Stella, AO
dc.contributor.author	Yeang, M
dc.contributor.author	Caguicla, J
dc.contributor.author	Ramachandran, V
dc.contributor.author	Isaacs, SR
dc.contributor.author	Agapiou, D
dc.contributor.author	Bull, RA
dc.contributor.author	Stelzer-Braid, S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6037-9305
dc.contributor.author	Daly, J
dc.contributor.author	Gosbell, IB
dc.contributor.author	Hoad, VC
dc.contributor.author	Irving, DO
dc.contributor.author	Pink, JM
dc.contributor.author	Turville, S
dc.contributor.author	Kelleher, AD
dc.contributor.author	Rawlinson, WD
dc.date.accessioned	2022-04-27T08:31:45Z
dc.date.available	2021-02-01
dc.date.available	2022-04-27T08:31:45Z
dc.date.issued	2021-02-04
dc.identifier.citation	Viruses, 2021, 13, (2), pp. 1-10
dc.identifier.issn	1999-4915
dc.identifier.issn	1999-4915
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/156673
dc.description.abstract	Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies provides important research and diagnostic information relating to COVID-19 prevalence, incidence and host immune response. A greater understanding of the relationship between functionally neutralising antibodies detected using microneutralisation assays and binding antibodies detected using scalable enzyme immunoassays (EIA) is needed in order to address protective immunity post-infection or vaccination, and assess EIA suitability as a surrogate test for screening of convalescent plasma donors. We assessed whether neutralising antibody titres correlated with signal cut-off ratios in five commercially available EIAs, and one in-house assay based on expressed spike protein targets. Sera from recovered patients or convalescent plasma donors who reported laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 200), and negative control sera collected prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 100), were assessed in parallel. Performance was assessed by calculating EIA sensitivity and specificity with reference to microneutralisation. Neutralising antibodies were detected in 166 (83%) samples. Compared with this, the most sensitive EIAs were the Cobas Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (98%) and Vitros Immunodiagnostic Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (100%), which detect total antibody targeting the N and S1 antigens, respectively. The assay with the best quantitative relationship with microneutralisation was the Euroimmun IgG. These results suggest the marker used (total Ab vs. IgG vs. IgA) and the target antigen are important determinants of assay performance. The strong correlation between microneutralisation and some commercially available assays demonstrates their potential for clinical and research use in assessing protection following infection or vaccination, and use as a surrogate test to assess donor suitability for convalescent plasma donation.
dc.format	Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	MDPI AG
dc.relation.ispartof	Viruses
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.3390/v13020247
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	0605 Microbiology
dc.subject.mesh	Antibodies, Viral
dc.subject.mesh	COVID-19
dc.subject.mesh	COVID-19 Serological Testing
dc.subject.mesh	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Immunoglobulin A
dc.subject.mesh	Immunoglobulin G
dc.subject.mesh	Neutralization Tests
dc.subject.mesh	ROC Curve
dc.subject.mesh	SARS-CoV-2
dc.subject.mesh	Sensitivity and Specificity
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Immunoglobulin A
dc.subject.mesh	Immunoglobulin G
dc.subject.mesh	Antibodies, Viral
dc.subject.mesh	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
dc.subject.mesh	Neutralization Tests
dc.subject.mesh	Sensitivity and Specificity
dc.subject.mesh	ROC Curve
dc.subject.mesh	COVID-19
dc.subject.mesh	SARS-CoV-2
dc.subject.mesh	COVID-19 Serological Testing
dc.title	SARS Coronavirus-2 Microneutralisation and Commercial Serological Assays Correlated Closely for Some but Not All Enzyme Immunoassays
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	13
utslib.location.activity	Switzerland
utslib.for	0605 Microbiology
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Health
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	open_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2022-04-27T08:31:41Z
pubs.issue	2
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	13
utslib.citation.issue	2

Abstract:

Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies provides important research and diagnostic information relating to COVID-19 prevalence, incidence and host immune response. A greater understanding of the relationship between functionally neutralising antibodies detected using microneutralisation assays and binding antibodies detected using scalable enzyme immunoassays (EIA) is needed in order to address protective immunity post-infection or vaccination, and assess EIA suitability as a surrogate test for screening of convalescent plasma donors. We assessed whether neutralising antibody titres correlated with signal cut-off ratios in five commercially available EIAs, and one in-house assay based on expressed spike protein targets. Sera from recovered patients or convalescent plasma donors who reported laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 200), and negative control sera collected prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 100), were assessed in parallel. Performance was assessed by calculating EIA sensitivity and specificity with reference to microneutralisation. Neutralising antibodies were detected in 166 (83%) samples. Compared with this, the most sensitive EIAs were the Cobas Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (98%) and Vitros Immunodiagnostic Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (100%), which detect total antibody targeting the N and S1 antigens, respectively. The assay with the best quantitative relationship with microneutralisation was the Euroimmun IgG. These results suggest the marker used (total Ab vs. IgG vs. IgA) and the target antigen are important determinants of assay performance. The strong correlation between microneutralisation and some commercially available assays demonstrates their potential for clinical and research use in assessing protection following infection or vaccination, and use as a surrogate test to assess donor suitability for convalescent plasma donation.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/156673