Foldable and scrollable graphene paper with tuned interlayer spacing as high areal capacity anodes for sodium-ion batteries

Mahmood, A; Yuan, Z; Sui, X; Riaz, MA; Yu, Z; Liu, C; Chen, J; Wang, C; Zhao, S; Mahmood, N; Pei, Z; Wei, L; Chen, Y

Foldable and scrollable graphene paper with tuned interlayer spacing as high areal capacity anodes for sodium-ion batteries

Mahmood, A

Yuan, Z Sui, X Riaz, MA Yu, Z Liu, C Chen, J Wang, C Zhao, S Mahmood, N Pei, Z Wei, L Chen, Y

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Publisher:: Elsevier
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Energy Storage Materials, 2021, 41, pp. 395-403
Issue Date:: 2021-10-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Mahmood, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6438-438X
dc.contributor.author	Yuan, Z
dc.contributor.author	Sui, X
dc.contributor.author	Riaz, MA
dc.contributor.author	Yu, Z
dc.contributor.author	Liu, C
dc.contributor.author	Chen, J
dc.contributor.author	Wang, C
dc.contributor.author	Zhao, S
dc.contributor.author	Mahmood, N
dc.contributor.author	Pei, Z
dc.contributor.author	Wei, L
dc.contributor.author	Chen, Y
dc.date.accessioned	2022-06-17T03:55:21Z
dc.date.available	2022-06-17T03:55:21Z
dc.date.issued	2021-10-01
dc.identifier.citation	Energy Storage Materials, 2021, 41, pp. 395-403
dc.identifier.issn	2405-8289
dc.identifier.issn	2405-8297
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/158227
dc.description.abstract	Bulk graphitic carbon materials with expanded interlayer spacing and abundant defects may serve as efficient anodes with high areal capacities for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, obtaining long-range order in bulk graphitic carbon materials with expanded interlayer spacing is extremely difficult. Herein, an explosive decomposition method is demonstrated to realize thermally reduced graphene oxide (rGO) paper with tuned interlayer spacing. The in-situ temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction (td-XRD) was utilized to establish the correlation between heating rate and interlayer spacing. Based on td-XRD results, free-standing graphene paper (FSG) was synthesized at 450°C under a high heating rate of 70°C/min. The FSG exhibits a highly porous structure made of graphene flakes with abundant surface epoxy groups with an overall interlayer spacing of 0.38–0.39 nm. The rGO flakes in FSG are separated by large voids that provide fast mass transport pathways and allow expansion/contraction of crystallites upon reversible Na intercalation. The FSG was utilized directly as anodes without any binder and conductive agent and delivered an excellent reversible capacity of 290 mAh/g at a current density of 50 mA/g. Moreover, the FSG exhibited excellent foldability and rollability to create high areal density anodes, delivering an areal capacity of 0.62 mAh/cm2 at a current density of 100 μA/cm2. These results open the door to fabricate graphene material-based carbon anodes with tunable interlayer spacing for high-performance SIBs.
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.relation.ispartof	Energy Storage Materials
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.ensm.2021.06.020
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	0904 Chemical Engineering, 0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering
dc.title	Foldable and scrollable graphene paper with tuned interlayer spacing as high areal capacity anodes for sodium-ion batteries
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	41
utslib.for	0904 Chemical Engineering
utslib.for	0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
pubs.consider-herdc	false
dc.date.updated	2022-06-17T03:55:17Z
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	41

Abstract:

Bulk graphitic carbon materials with expanded interlayer spacing and abundant defects may serve as efficient anodes with high areal capacities for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, obtaining long-range order in bulk graphitic carbon materials with expanded interlayer spacing is extremely difficult. Herein, an explosive decomposition method is demonstrated to realize thermally reduced graphene oxide (rGO) paper with tuned interlayer spacing. The in-situ temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction (td-XRD) was utilized to establish the correlation between heating rate and interlayer spacing. Based on td-XRD results, free-standing graphene paper (FSG) was synthesized at 450°C under a high heating rate of 70°C/min. The FSG exhibits a highly porous structure made of graphene flakes with abundant surface epoxy groups with an overall interlayer spacing of 0.38–0.39 nm. The rGO flakes in FSG are separated by large voids that provide fast mass transport pathways and allow expansion/contraction of crystallites upon reversible Na intercalation. The FSG was utilized directly as anodes without any binder and conductive agent and delivered an excellent reversible capacity of 290 mAh/g at a current density of 50 mA/g. Moreover, the FSG exhibited excellent foldability and rollability to create high areal density anodes, delivering an areal capacity of 0.62 mAh/cm2 at a current density of 100 μA/cm2. These results open the door to fabricate graphene material-based carbon anodes with tunable interlayer spacing for high-performance SIBs.

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