Visualization of battery materials and their interfaces/interphases using cryogenic electron microscopy

Yousaf, M; Naseer, U; Imran, A; Li, Y; Aftab, W; Mahmood, A; Mahmood, N; Zhang, X; Gao, P; Lu, Y; Guo, S; Pan, H; Jiang, Y

Visualization of battery materials and their interfaces/interphases using cryogenic electron microscopy

Yousaf, M Naseer, U Imran, A Li, Y Aftab, W Mahmood, A

Mahmood, N Zhang, X Gao, P Lu, Y Guo, S Pan, H Jiang, Y

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Publisher:: Elsevier BV
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Materials Today, 2022
Issue Date:: 2022-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Yousaf, M
dc.contributor.author	Naseer, U
dc.contributor.author	Imran, A
dc.contributor.author	Li, Y
dc.contributor.author	Aftab, W
dc.contributor.author	Mahmood, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6438-438X
dc.contributor.author	Mahmood, N
dc.contributor.author	Zhang, X
dc.contributor.author	Gao, P
dc.contributor.author	Lu, Y
dc.contributor.author	Guo, S
dc.contributor.author	Pan, H
dc.contributor.author	Jiang, Y
dc.date.accessioned	2022-09-20T05:58:27Z
dc.date.available	2022-09-20T05:58:27Z
dc.date.issued	2022-01-01
dc.identifier.citation	Materials Today, 2022
dc.identifier.issn	1369-7021
dc.identifier.issn	1873-4103
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/161915
dc.description.abstract	Future innovations and developments in advanced rechargeable batteries require atomic-scale observation and understanding of the failure mechanisms of secondary batteries. Unfortunately, battery chemistry is highly sensitive to air or moisture and cannot stand electron beam radiation at high dose rates essential for atomic-scale resolution, hence limiting the use of conventional electron or optical microscopes. Recently, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has shown that battery-sensitive materials and interface/interphases can be protected, stabilized, and imaged under cryogenic conditions, facilitating novel insights into key components and phenomena that have a substantial impact on the cell operation. Herein, we highlight the significance and essential role of cryo-EM in characterizing sensitive battery materials (such as Li/Na/K metal anodes, sulfur, lithiated silicon, etc.), key components and interfaces, and summarize the recent contributions and discoveries enabled by cryo-EM. The chemistries and evolving nanostructures at electrode/electrolyte interphase in various electrolytes (both solid and liquid), hosts, artificial interphases, and temperature ranges for lithium-based batteries, and beyond are discussed in detail. Finally, the conclusions and the perspectives on the future direction of cryo-EM in analyzing the battery materials and interfaces are briefly discussed. We believe that the insights and discoveries obtained from this characterizing tool will provide guidelines for developing energy materials with improved electrochemical performance.
dc.language	en
dc.publisher	Elsevier BV
dc.relation.ispartof	Materials Today
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.mattod.2022.06.022
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject	03 Chemical Sciences, 09 Engineering
dc.subject.classification	Materials
dc.title	Visualization of battery materials and their interfaces/interphases using cryogenic electron microscopy
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.for	03 Chemical Sciences
utslib.for	09 Engineering
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CCET - Centre for Clean Energy Technology
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2022-09-20T05:58:25Z
pubs.publication-status	Published

Abstract:

Future innovations and developments in advanced rechargeable batteries require atomic-scale observation and understanding of the failure mechanisms of secondary batteries. Unfortunately, battery chemistry is highly sensitive to air or moisture and cannot stand electron beam radiation at high dose rates essential for atomic-scale resolution, hence limiting the use of conventional electron or optical microscopes. Recently, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has shown that battery-sensitive materials and interface/interphases can be protected, stabilized, and imaged under cryogenic conditions, facilitating novel insights into key components and phenomena that have a substantial impact on the cell operation. Herein, we highlight the significance and essential role of cryo-EM in characterizing sensitive battery materials (such as Li/Na/K metal anodes, sulfur, lithiated silicon, etc.), key components and interfaces, and summarize the recent contributions and discoveries enabled by cryo-EM. The chemistries and evolving nanostructures at electrode/electrolyte interphase in various electrolytes (both solid and liquid), hosts, artificial interphases, and temperature ranges for lithium-based batteries, and beyond are discussed in detail. Finally, the conclusions and the perspectives on the future direction of cryo-EM in analyzing the battery materials and interfaces are briefly discussed. We believe that the insights and discoveries obtained from this characterizing tool will provide guidelines for developing energy materials with improved electrochemical performance.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/161915