Molecular Design of Core Substituted Naphthalene Diimides for the Exfoliation of Graphite to Graphene in Chloroform

Publisher:
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Citation:
ChemNanoMat, 2019, 5, (10), pp. 1303-1310
Issue Date:
2019-10-01
Full metadata record
A significant challenge of liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of graphite to yield graphene resides in the fact that most conventional solvents used are high boiling points and thus extremely difficult to eliminate, especially during processing of graphene into composites or films. Here, we advance the ability to produce high yield graphene in a low boiling point organic solvent, chloroform, using core-substituted naphthalene diimides (cNDIs). Through the use of cNDIs it is possible to obtain high graphene concentrations of up to 0.13 mg/mL in chloroform. This yield represents a 69% improvement from graphene yields previously obtained in chloroform using unsubstituted NDIs. Characterisation of the products by UV-Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) support the use of cNDIs as an appropriate exfoliating agent in chloroform.
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