Gamma irradiation-induced elemental O/N co-doping and structural reinforcement in g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf> photo-electrocatalyst

Aida Mohamed, N; Fazli Ismail, A; Safaei, J; Asri Mat Teridi, M

Gamma irradiation-induced elemental O/N co-doping and structural reinforcement in g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf> photo-electrocatalyst

Aida Mohamed, N Fazli Ismail, A Safaei, J

Asri Mat Teridi, M

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Publisher:: ELSEVIER
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Applied Surface Science, 2023, 616
Issue Date:: 2023-04-15

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Aida Mohamed, N
dc.contributor.author	Fazli Ismail, A
dc.contributor.author	Safaei, J https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3397-5026
dc.contributor.author	Asri Mat Teridi, M
dc.date.accessioned	2024-03-25T23:50:41Z
dc.date.available	2024-03-25T23:50:41Z
dc.date.issued	2023-04-15
dc.identifier.citation	Applied Surface Science, 2023, 616
dc.identifier.issn	0169-4332
dc.identifier.issn	1873-5584
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/177146
dc.description.abstract	Herein, we reported a new modification of Urea-derived g-C3N4 through gamma radiation treatment (10 kGy up to 100 kGy) for enhancing the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting performance. Undoubtedly, the gamma irradiation altered the morphology, crystallinity, optical absorption, chemical bonding and electronic properties of g-C3N4. The forceful ionizing radiation (gamma radiation) modified the elemental composition via co-doping of oxygen and nitrogen atoms in g-C3N4 structure. Gamma rays exposure modified the chemical bonding and electronic properties as elucidated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, enhancing the photostability of the photoanode. The morphology transformed from seaweed structure to “compact” and “agglomerate” as the irradiation increased from 10 kGy up to 100 kGy, indicating improved catalytic sites, surface area as well as light absorption. However, as probed in by Raman spectroscopy, enhanced crystallinity with reinforced structure emerged significantly as observed in the (I707/I725) position. X-ray diffraction (XRD) also showed a larger crystallite sizes as the g-C3N4 samples were gamma irradiated. Moreover, post-irradiation shows a reduction in the band gap from 2.84 eV (pure g-C3N4) to 2.74 eV (radiated), respectively. All in all, the photocurrent density increased by >200 %, reaching ∼ 4.35 μA cm−2 and 8.26 μA cm−2 for the pristine and irradiated g-C3N4, respectively. Our findings express the significance of gamma irradiation for developing impressive photostable photoanodes via ionizing radiation (γ radiation).
dc.language	English
dc.publisher	ELSEVIER
dc.relation.ispartof	Applied Surface Science
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.156615
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.subject.classification	Applied Physics
dc.title	Gamma irradiation-induced elemental O/N co-doping and structural reinforcement in g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf> photo-electrocatalyst
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	616
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CCET - Centre for Clean Energy Technology
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access	*
dc.date.updated	2024-03-25T23:50:38Z
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	616

Abstract:

Herein, we reported a new modification of Urea-derived g-C3N4 through gamma radiation treatment (10 kGy up to 100 kGy) for enhancing the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting performance. Undoubtedly, the gamma irradiation altered the morphology, crystallinity, optical absorption, chemical bonding and electronic properties of g-C3N4. The forceful ionizing radiation (gamma radiation) modified the elemental composition via co-doping of oxygen and nitrogen atoms in g-C3N4 structure. Gamma rays exposure modified the chemical bonding and electronic properties as elucidated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, enhancing the photostability of the photoanode. The morphology transformed from seaweed structure to “compact” and “agglomerate” as the irradiation increased from 10 kGy up to 100 kGy, indicating improved catalytic sites, surface area as well as light absorption. However, as probed in by Raman spectroscopy, enhanced crystallinity with reinforced structure emerged significantly as observed in the (I707/I725) position. X-ray diffraction (XRD) also showed a larger crystallite sizes as the g-C3N4 samples were gamma irradiated. Moreover, post-irradiation shows a reduction in the band gap from 2.84 eV (pure g-C3N4) to 2.74 eV (radiated), respectively. All in all, the photocurrent density increased by >200 %, reaching ∼ 4.35 μA cm−2 and 8.26 μA cm−2 for the pristine and irradiated g-C3N4, respectively. Our findings express the significance of gamma irradiation for developing impressive photostable photoanodes via ionizing radiation (γ radiation).

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/177146