An On-Farm Workflow for Predictive Management of Paralytic Shellfish Toxin-Producing Harmful Algal Blooms for the Aquaculture Industry.

Ruvindy, R; Ajani, PA; Ashlin, S; Hallegraeff, G; Klemm, K; Bolch, CJ; Ugalde, S; Van Asten, M; Woodcock, S; Tesoriero, M; Murray, SA

An On-Farm Workflow for Predictive Management of Paralytic Shellfish Toxin-Producing Harmful Algal Blooms for the Aquaculture Industry.

Ruvindy, R Ajani, PA Ashlin, S Hallegraeff, G Klemm, K Bolch, CJ Ugalde, S Van Asten, M Woodcock, S

Tesoriero, M Murray, SA

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Publisher:: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Environ Sci Technol, 2024, 58, (16), pp. 6924-6933
Issue Date:: 2024-04-23

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Ruvindy, R
dc.contributor.author	Ajani, PA
dc.contributor.author	Ashlin, S
dc.contributor.author	Hallegraeff, G
dc.contributor.author	Klemm, K
dc.contributor.author	Bolch, CJ
dc.contributor.author	Ugalde, S
dc.contributor.author	Van Asten, M
dc.contributor.author	Woodcock, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4903-3164
dc.contributor.author	Tesoriero, M
dc.contributor.author	Murray, SA
dc.date.accessioned	2024-09-09T04:11:30Z
dc.date.available	2024-09-09T04:11:30Z
dc.date.issued	2024-04-23
dc.identifier.citation	Environ Sci Technol, 2024, 58, (16), pp. 6924-6933
dc.identifier.issn	0013-936X
dc.identifier.issn	1520-5851
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/180756
dc.description.abstract	Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by marine dinoflagellates significantly impact shellfish industries worldwide. Early detection on-farm and with minimal training would allow additional time for management decisions to minimize economic losses. Here, we describe and test a standardized workflow based on the detection of sxtA4, an initial gene in the biosynthesis of PSTs. The workflow is simple and inexpensive and does not require a specialized laboratory. It consists of (1) water collection and filtration using a custom gravity sampler, (2) buffer selection for sample preservation and cell lysis for DNA, and (3) an assay based on a region of sxtA, DinoDtec lyophilized quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. Water samples spiked with Alexandrium catenella showed a cell recovery of >90% when compared to light microscopy counts. The performance of the lysis method (90.3% efficient), Longmire's buffer, and the DinoDtec qPCR assay (tested across a range of Alexandrium species (90.7-106.9% efficiency; r2 > 0.99)) was found to be specific, sensitive, and efficient. We tested the application of this workflow weekly from May 2016 to 30th October 2017 to compare the relationship between sxtA4 copies L-1 in seawater and PSTs in mussel tissue (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on-farm and spatially (across multiple sites), effectively demonstrating an ∼2 week early warning of two A. catenella HABs (r = 0.95). Our tool provides an early, accurate, and efficient method for the identification of PST risk in shellfish aquaculture.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	AMER CHEMICAL SOC
dc.relation	Food Agility CRC LimitedFA076
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT120100704
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP120103199
dc.relation.ispartof	Environ Sci Technol
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1021/acs.est.3c10502
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.rights	This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Environ Sci Technol, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.3c10502
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences
dc.subject.mesh	Aquaculture
dc.subject.mesh	Harmful Algal Bloom
dc.subject.mesh	Dinoflagellida
dc.subject.mesh	Marine Toxins
dc.subject.mesh	Workflow
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Shellfish
dc.subject.mesh	Farms
dc.subject.mesh	Shellfish Poisoning
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Dinoflagellida
dc.subject.mesh	Marine Toxins
dc.subject.mesh	Aquaculture
dc.subject.mesh	Shellfish
dc.subject.mesh	Shellfish Poisoning
dc.subject.mesh	Harmful Algal Bloom
dc.subject.mesh	Workflow
dc.subject.mesh	Farms
dc.subject.mesh	Aquaculture
dc.subject.mesh	Harmful Algal Bloom
dc.subject.mesh	Dinoflagellida
dc.subject.mesh	Marine Toxins
dc.subject.mesh	Workflow
dc.subject.mesh	Animals
dc.subject.mesh	Shellfish
dc.subject.mesh	Farms
dc.subject.mesh	Shellfish Poisoning
dc.title	An On-Farm Workflow for Predictive Management of Paralytic Shellfish Toxin-Producing Harmful Algal Blooms for the Aquaculture Industry.
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	58
utslib.location.activity	United States
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	embargoed	*
utslib.copyright.embargo	2025-04-12T00:00:00+1000Z
dc.date.updated	2024-09-09T04:11:28Z
pubs.issue	16
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	58
utslib.citation.issue	16

Abstract:

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by marine dinoflagellates significantly impact shellfish industries worldwide. Early detection on-farm and with minimal training would allow additional time for management decisions to minimize economic losses. Here, we describe and test a standardized workflow based on the detection of sxtA4, an initial gene in the biosynthesis of PSTs. The workflow is simple and inexpensive and does not require a specialized laboratory. It consists of (1) water collection and filtration using a custom gravity sampler, (2) buffer selection for sample preservation and cell lysis for DNA, and (3) an assay based on a region of sxtA, DinoDtec lyophilized quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. Water samples spiked with Alexandrium catenella showed a cell recovery of >90% when compared to light microscopy counts. The performance of the lysis method (90.3% efficient), Longmire's buffer, and the DinoDtec qPCR assay (tested across a range of Alexandrium species (90.7-106.9% efficiency; r2 > 0.99)) was found to be specific, sensitive, and efficient. We tested the application of this workflow weekly from May 2016 to 30th October 2017 to compare the relationship between sxtA4 copies L-1 in seawater and PSTs in mussel tissue (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on-farm and spatially (across multiple sites), effectively demonstrating an ∼2 week early warning of two A. catenella HABs (r = 0.95). Our tool provides an early, accurate, and efficient method for the identification of PST risk in shellfish aquaculture.

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:

http://hdl.handle.net/10453/180756