Local structural mechanism for enhanced energy storage properties in heterovalent doped NaNbO<inf>3</inf> ceramics

Publisher:
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Citation:
Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2024, 44, (3), pp. 1597-1609
Issue Date:
2024-03-01
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1-s2.0-S0955221923008828-main.pdfPublished version12.52 MB
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In recent years, there is a growing interest for new lead-free oxides with reversible antiferroelectric (AFE)-ferroelectric (FE) phase transition for high-power energy-storage applications. NaNbO3-based ceramics are particularly attractive due to their easy synthesis and cost-effectiveness. In order to stabilize reversible AFE-FE phase transition, NaNbO3 is doped with a combination of heterovalent substitutions, although the underlying structural mechanism for the same is poorly understood. Here, we investigated local and average structures of Ca/Zr doped NaNbO3 using neutron total scattering. We show that Ca/Zr doping increases the average AFE phase (Pbma) fraction, however, the material remains as a composite of both FE (P21ma) and AFE regions. Analysis of local structure suggests that increase in the long-range AFE phase results from more extensive twinning of local FE regions, due to introduced charge disorder. We propose that enhanced energy-storage properties of Ca/Zr-doped NaNbO3 arises from localized twin boundary motion between the defect-induced pinning centers.
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