Application of a Multispecies Pulse-Exposure Microalgal Bioassay to Assess Duration and Time-of-Day Influences on the Toxicity of Chemicals

Stone, S; Koppel, DJ; Binet, MT; Jolley, DF; Simpson, SL

Application of a Multispecies Pulse-Exposure Microalgal Bioassay to Assess Duration and Time-of-Day Influences on the Toxicity of Chemicals

Stone, S Koppel, DJ Binet, MT Jolley, DF Simpson, SL

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Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Environmental Science and Technology, 2024, 58, (48), pp. 21155-21165
Issue Date:: 2024-12-03

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Stone, S
dc.contributor.author	Koppel, DJ
dc.contributor.author	Binet, MT
dc.contributor.author	Jolley, DF
dc.contributor.author	Simpson, SL
dc.date.accessioned	2025-04-02T02:18:25Z
dc.date.available	2025-04-02T02:18:25Z
dc.date.issued	2024-12-03
dc.identifier.citation	Environmental Science and Technology, 2024, 58, (48), pp. 21155-21165
dc.identifier.issn	0013-936X
dc.identifier.issn	1520-5851
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/186440
dc.description.abstract	Aquatic organisms may frequently be exposed to short-term discharges of contaminants, including those from pesticide use, stormwater runoff, or industrial effluents entering waterways. Here, a new microalgal multispecies flow cytometry-based bioassay is used to assess knowledge gaps in risk assessments posed by the short-term exposure of organisms to contaminants. The toxicities of atrazine, metolachlor, and copper were assessed using four exposure scenarios, a 72 h exposure (continuous), an 18 h pulse exposure, and two 3 h pulse exposures (light and dark conditions), that assessed chronotoxicity. The influence of duration on toxicity explored the utility of two expressions of chemical-exposure dose pulse-exposure concentration (PeC) and time-weighted average concentrations (TACs). The three coexisting microalgae ( i Monoraphidium arcuatum /i , i Nannochloropsis /i -like sp., and i Pediastrum duplex /i ) tolerated higher concentrations for shorter 3 and 18 h pulses compared to continuous 72 h exposures. Toxicity estimates calculated on a TAC basis were effective for predicting the toxicity of the pulses of atrazine, metolachlor, and copper. Fluorescence data collected using flow cytometry were linked to physiological diel changes for each species. Chronotoxicity was observed for copper with two species. While continuous contaminant exposures provide a conservative estimate of toxicity compared to pulses, the duration and time of exposure are critical factors to consider when assessing the toxicity of contaminants to microalgae.
dc.format	Print-Electronic
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	American Chemical Society (ACS)
dc.relation.ispartof	Environmental Science and Technology
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1021/acs.est.4c07875
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences
dc.subject.mesh	Microalgae
dc.subject.mesh	Atrazine
dc.subject.mesh	Biological Assay
dc.subject.mesh	Water Pollutants, Chemical
dc.subject.mesh	Copper
dc.subject.mesh	Acetamides
dc.subject.mesh	Toxicity Tests
dc.subject.mesh	Copper
dc.subject.mesh	Acetamides
dc.subject.mesh	Atrazine
dc.subject.mesh	Water Pollutants, Chemical
dc.subject.mesh	Biological Assay
dc.subject.mesh	Toxicity Tests
dc.subject.mesh	Microalgae
dc.subject.mesh	Microalgae
dc.subject.mesh	Atrazine
dc.subject.mesh	Biological Assay
dc.subject.mesh	Water Pollutants, Chemical
dc.subject.mesh	Copper
dc.subject.mesh	Acetamides
dc.subject.mesh	Toxicity Tests
dc.title	Application of a Multispecies Pulse-Exposure Microalgal Bioassay to Assess Duration and Time-of-Day Influences on the Toxicity of Chemicals
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	58
utslib.location.activity	United States
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
utslib.copyright.status	recently_added	*
pubs.consider-herdc	true
dc.date.updated	2025-04-02T02:18:21Z
pubs.issue	48
pubs.publication-status	Published
pubs.volume	58
utslib.citation.issue	48

Abstract:

Aquatic organisms may frequently be exposed to short-term discharges of contaminants, including those from pesticide use, stormwater runoff, or industrial effluents entering waterways. Here, a new microalgal multispecies flow cytometry-based bioassay is used to assess knowledge gaps in risk assessments posed by the short-term exposure of organisms to contaminants. The toxicities of atrazine, metolachlor, and copper were assessed using four exposure scenarios, a 72 h exposure (continuous), an 18 h pulse exposure, and two 3 h pulse exposures (light and dark conditions), that assessed chronotoxicity. The influence of duration on toxicity explored the utility of two expressions of chemical-exposure dose pulse-exposure concentration (PeC) and time-weighted average concentrations (TACs). The three coexisting microalgae ( i Monoraphidium arcuatum /i , i Nannochloropsis /i -like sp., and i Pediastrum duplex /i ) tolerated higher concentrations for shorter 3 and 18 h pulses compared to continuous 72 h exposures. Toxicity estimates calculated on a TAC basis were effective for predicting the toxicity of the pulses of atrazine, metolachlor, and copper. Fluorescence data collected using flow cytometry were linked to physiological diel changes for each species. Chronotoxicity was observed for copper with two species. While continuous contaminant exposures provide a conservative estimate of toxicity compared to pulses, the duration and time of exposure are critical factors to consider when assessing the toxicity of contaminants to microalgae.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/186440