Near infrared laser dyes for the detection of latent fingermarks

Chadwick, SRJ

Near infrared laser dyes for the detection of latent fingermarks

Chadwick, SRJ

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Publication Type:: Thesis
Issue Date:: 2013

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Chadwick, SRJ
dc.date.accessioned	2013-11-21T03:36:23Z
dc.date.available	2013-11-21T03:36:23Z
dc.date.issued	2013
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/24092
dc.description	University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Science.	en_US
dc.description.abstract	The near infrared region (700 nm – 2000 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum provides significant potential for fingermark detection. Many ubiquitous commercial surfaces give luminescent interferences that can present a challenge for latent fingermark enhancement. Background interference from these types of surfaces can be reduced when viewed in the near infrared region. The development of near infrared luminescent techniques for latent fingermarks would improve the possibility of imaging an exploitable fingermark. This research aimed to develop methods for near infrared detection of latent fingermarks across a number of different surface types and assess the effectiveness of the developed techniques by comparing them to conventional detection methods. A mixture of two dyes, styryl 11 and rhodamine 6G (STaR 11), was coated onto a range of metal oxide powders to produce a luminescent fingerprint powder. This was applied as a dry powder for fingermarks on non-porous surfaces as well as a suspension for developing fingermarks on adhesive and wetted surfaces. The dry powder was successful in developing fingermarks and gave comparable results to a commercially available luminescent fingermark powder. The suspension for adhesive surfaces was able to develop fingermarks however when compared to the commercial method, the developed fingermarks were of significantly poor quality. The suspension for wetted surfaces, when used in conjunction with the EcoSpray® device (a pressurised sprayer which delivers the suspension in a fine mist to prevent fingermark damage), had shown significant promise when compared to conventional luminescent SPR. Ultimately, however, the suspension was unable to develop natural fingermarks, which affected its potential for routine use. Styrylisatin was trialled as a potential near infrared luminescent amino acid sensitive reagent for the detection of latent fingermarks on porous surfaces. Styrylisatin was successfully synthesised, however there were several issues that made it unsuitable for use as a fingermark detection technique. Despite attempts to optimise the formulation, the sensitivity of styrylisatin to amino acids was not improved, thus it was not pursued any further. The use of one-step luminescent cyanoacrylate (PolyCyano UV®) was also explored in this research and compared to conventional cyanoacrylate development subsequently stained with rhodamine 6G and STaR 11. PolyCyano UV® developed fingermarks were assessed for development and visualisation under UV illumination as well as how they performed in a sequence. PolyCyano UV® developed fingermarks were applied successfully in sequence with rhodamine 6G and STaR 11. Sequencing allowed the developed marks to be visualised in the luminescence mode for two different visible wavelength regions as well as in the near infrared region, which was found to improve the possibility of imaging an exploitable fingermark. A range of imaging systems are available to forensic laboratories, however, the suitability of these systems for near infrared imaging has not been explored in any published study. Four imaging systems (Condor, Fuji IS Pro, Poliview IV and VSC 6000) were compared based on their ability to image fingermarks developed with STaR 11 magnetic powder and cyanoacrylate developed fingermarks stained with STaR 11. Overall, the Poliview IV and VSC 6000 were found to give the best imaging capabilities of all the systems tested. Generally the VSC 6000 was better suited for well-developed fingermarks; however the Poliview IV produced better quality images for poorly developed fingermarks. The Fuji IS Pro was suitable as a lab based near infrared camera; however when used for field purposes it displayed a significant decrease in effectiveness. The research has successfully developed a range of fingermark detection techniques that are luminescent in the near infrared region. These techniques can be used in conjunction with conventional techniques to improve and possibly increase the number of exploitable fingermarks.	en_US
dc.format	Thesis (PhD)	en_US
dc.language.iso	en	en_US
dc.relation	https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/24092/2/02whole.pdf
dc.rights	au.edu.uts.lib/ppc
dc.rights	The author owns the copyright in this thesis including all reproduction and reuse rights for the work. The work may not be altered without the permission of the copyright owner. Attribution is essential when quoting or paraphrasing from this thesis.
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject	Forensic science.	en
dc.subject	Latent fingermarks.	en
dc.subject	Near-infrared.	en
dc.subject	Styryl dyes.	en
dc.subject	Nanotechnology.	en
dc.subject	Fingerprints.	en
dc.title	Near infrared laser dyes for the detection of latent fingermarks	en_US
dc.type	Thesis
utslib.copyright.status	open_access

Abstract:

The near infrared region (700 nm – 2000 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum provides significant potential for fingermark detection. Many ubiquitous commercial surfaces give luminescent interferences that can present a challenge for latent fingermark enhancement. Background interference from these types of surfaces can be reduced when viewed in the near infrared region. The development of near infrared luminescent techniques for latent fingermarks would improve the possibility of imaging an exploitable fingermark. This research aimed to develop methods for near infrared detection of latent fingermarks across a number of different surface types and assess the effectiveness of the developed techniques by comparing them to conventional detection methods. A mixture of two dyes, styryl 11 and rhodamine 6G (STaR 11), was coated onto a range of metal oxide powders to produce a luminescent fingerprint powder. This was applied as a dry powder for fingermarks on non-porous surfaces as well as a suspension for developing fingermarks on adhesive and wetted surfaces. The dry powder was successful in developing fingermarks and gave comparable results to a commercially available luminescent fingermark powder. The suspension for adhesive surfaces was able to develop fingermarks however when compared to the commercial method, the developed fingermarks were of significantly poor quality. The suspension for wetted surfaces, when used in conjunction with the EcoSpray® device (a pressurised sprayer which delivers the suspension in a fine mist to prevent fingermark damage), had shown significant promise when compared to conventional luminescent SPR. Ultimately, however, the suspension was unable to develop natural fingermarks, which affected its potential for routine use. Styrylisatin was trialled as a potential near infrared luminescent amino acid sensitive reagent for the detection of latent fingermarks on porous surfaces. Styrylisatin was successfully synthesised, however there were several issues that made it unsuitable for use as a fingermark detection technique. Despite attempts to optimise the formulation, the sensitivity of styrylisatin to amino acids was not improved, thus it was not pursued any further. The use of one-step luminescent cyanoacrylate (PolyCyano UV®) was also explored in this research and compared to conventional cyanoacrylate development subsequently stained with rhodamine 6G and STaR 11. PolyCyano UV® developed fingermarks were assessed for development and visualisation under UV illumination as well as how they performed in a sequence. PolyCyano UV® developed fingermarks were applied successfully in sequence with rhodamine 6G and STaR 11. Sequencing allowed the developed marks to be visualised in the luminescence mode for two different visible wavelength regions as well as in the near infrared region, which was found to improve the possibility of imaging an exploitable fingermark. A range of imaging systems are available to forensic laboratories, however, the suitability of these systems for near infrared imaging has not been explored in any published study. Four imaging systems (Condor, Fuji IS Pro, Poliview IV and VSC 6000) were compared based on their ability to image fingermarks developed with STaR 11 magnetic powder and cyanoacrylate developed fingermarks stained with STaR 11. Overall, the Poliview IV and VSC 6000 were found to give the best imaging capabilities of all the systems tested. Generally the VSC 6000 was better suited for well-developed fingermarks; however the Poliview IV produced better quality images for poorly developed fingermarks. The Fuji IS Pro was suitable as a lab based near infrared camera; however when used for field purposes it displayed a significant decrease in effectiveness. The research has successfully developed a range of fingermark detection techniques that are luminescent in the near infrared region. These techniques can be used in conjunction with conventional techniques to improve and possibly increase the number of exploitable fingermarks.

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