In Vivo Study of Spherical Gold Nanoparticles: Inflammatory Effects and Distribution in Mice

Chen, H; Dorrigan, A; Saad, S; Hare, DJ; Cortie, MB; Valenzuela, SM

In Vivo Study of Spherical Gold Nanoparticles: Inflammatory Effects and Distribution in Mice

Chen, H

Dorrigan, A Saad, S

Hare, DJ

Cortie, MB

Valenzuela, SM

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: PLoS ONE, 2013, 8 (2)
Issue Date:: 2013-02-28

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Chen, H https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-3752	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Dorrigan, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Saad, S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-8046	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Hare, DJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5922-7643	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Cortie, MB https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-6398	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Valenzuela, SM https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-6047	en_US
dc.date.available	2013-01-31	en_US
dc.date.issued	2013-02-28	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	PLoS ONE, 2013, 8 (2)	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/33437
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/26633
dc.description.abstract	Objectives: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of 21 nm have been previously well characterized in vitro for their capacity to target macrophages via active uptake. However, the short-term impact of such AuNPs on physiological systems, in particular resident macrophages located in fat tissue in vivo, is largely unknown. This project investigated the distribution, organ toxicity and changes in inflammatory cytokines within the adipose tissue after mice were exposed to AuNPs. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with a single dose of AuNPs (7.85 μg AuNPs/g). Body weight and energy intake were recorded daily. Tissues were collected at 1 h, 24 h and 72 h post-injection to test for organ toxicity. AuNP distribution was examined using electron microscopy. Proinflammatory cytokine expression and macrophage number within the abdominal fat pad were determined using real-time PCR. Results: At 72 hours post AuNP injection, daily energy intake and body weight were found to be similar between Control and AuNP treated mice. However, fat mass was significantly smaller in AuNP-treated mice. Following IP injection, AuNPs rapidly accumulated within the abdominal fat tissue and some were seen in the liver. A reduction in TNFα and IL-6 mRNA levels in the fat were observed from 1 h to 72 h post AuNP injection, with no observable changes in macrophage number. There was no detectable toxicity to vital organs (liver and kidney). Conclusion: Our 21 nm spherical AuNPs caused no measurable organ or cell toxicity in mice, but were correlated with significant fat loss and inhibition of inflammatory effects. With the growing incidence of obesity and obesity-related diseases, our findings offer a new avenue for the potential development of gold nanoparticles as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of such disorders. © 2013 Chen et al.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	PLoS ONE	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1371/journal.pone.0058208	en_US
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.classification	General Science & Technology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adipose Tissue	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Mice, Inbred C57BL	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Mice	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Inflammation	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Gold	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	RNA, Messenger	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cytokines	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Organ Size	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Injections, Intraperitoneal	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Gene Expression Regulation	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Tissue Distribution	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Eating	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Male	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Metal Nanoparticles	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Toxicity Tests, Acute	en_US
dc.title	In Vivo Study of Spherical Gold Nanoparticles: Inflammatory Effects and Distribution in Mice	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	2	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	8	en_US
utslib.for	0605 Microbiology	en_US
utslib.for	0903 Biomedical Engineering	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - CHT - Health Technologies
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.issue	2	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	8	en_US

Abstract:

Objectives: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of 21 nm have been previously well characterized in vitro for their capacity to target macrophages via active uptake. However, the short-term impact of such AuNPs on physiological systems, in particular resident macrophages located in fat tissue in vivo, is largely unknown. This project investigated the distribution, organ toxicity and changes in inflammatory cytokines within the adipose tissue after mice were exposed to AuNPs. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with a single dose of AuNPs (7.85 μg AuNPs/g). Body weight and energy intake were recorded daily. Tissues were collected at 1 h, 24 h and 72 h post-injection to test for organ toxicity. AuNP distribution was examined using electron microscopy. Proinflammatory cytokine expression and macrophage number within the abdominal fat pad were determined using real-time PCR. Results: At 72 hours post AuNP injection, daily energy intake and body weight were found to be similar between Control and AuNP treated mice. However, fat mass was significantly smaller in AuNP-treated mice. Following IP injection, AuNPs rapidly accumulated within the abdominal fat tissue and some were seen in the liver. A reduction in TNFα and IL-6 mRNA levels in the fat were observed from 1 h to 72 h post AuNP injection, with no observable changes in macrophage number. There was no detectable toxicity to vital organs (liver and kidney). Conclusion: Our 21 nm spherical AuNPs caused no measurable organ or cell toxicity in mice, but were correlated with significant fat loss and inhibition of inflammatory effects. With the growing incidence of obesity and obesity-related diseases, our findings offer a new avenue for the potential development of gold nanoparticles as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of such disorders. © 2013 Chen et al.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/26633