Low-temperature and daylength cues are integrated to regulate Flowering Locus T in barley

Hemming, MN; Peacock, WJ; Dennis, ES; Trevaskis, B

Low-temperature and daylength cues are integrated to regulate Flowering Locus T in barley

Hemming, MN Peacock, WJ

Dennis, ES

Trevaskis, B

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Plant Physiology, 2008, 147 (1), pp. 355 - 366
Issue Date:: 2008-05-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Hemming, MN	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Peacock, WJ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7314-9074	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Dennis, ES https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7850-591X	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Trevaskis, B	en_US
dc.date.issued	2008-05-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Plant Physiology, 2008, 147 (1), pp. 355 - 366	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0032-0889	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/28228
dc.description.abstract	Interactions between flowering time genes were examined in a doubled haploid barley (Hordeum vulgare) population segregating for H. vulgare VERNALIZATION1 (HvVRN1), HvVRN2, and PHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD-H1). A deletion allele of HvVRN2 was associated with rapid inflorescence initiation and early flowering, but only in lines with an active allele of PPD-H1. In these lines, the floral promoter FLOWERING LOCUS T (HvFT1) was expressed at high levels without vernalization, and this preceded induction of HvVRN1. Lines with the deletion allele of HvVRN2 and the inactive ppd-H1 allele did not undergo rapid inflorescence initiation and were late flowering. These data suggest that HvVRN2 counteracts PPD-H1 to prevent flowering prior to vernalization. An allele of HvVRN1 that is expressed at high basal levels (HvVRN1-1) was associated with rapid inflorescence initiation regardless of HvVRN2 or PPD-H1 genotype. HvFT1 was expressed without vernalization in lines with the HvVRN1-1 allele and HvFT1 transcript levels were highest in lines with the active PPD-H1 allele; this correlated with rapid apex development postinflorescence initiation. Thus, expression of HvVRN1 promotes inflorescence initiation and up-regulates HvFT1. Analysis of HvVRN1 expression in different genetic backgrounds postvernalization showed that HvVRN2, HvFT1, and PPD-H1 are unlikely to play a role in low-temperature induction of HvVRN1. In a vernalization responsive barley, HvFT1 is not induced by low temperatures alone, but can be induced by long days following prolonged low-temperature treatment. We conclude that low-temperature and daylength flowering-response pathways are integrated to control expression of HvFT1 in barley, and that this might occur through regulation of HvVRN2 activity. © 2008 American Society of Plant Biologists.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Plant Physiology	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1104/pp.108.116418	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Plant Biology & Botany	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Hordeum	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Flowering Tops	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Plant Proteins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Gene Expression	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Down-Regulation	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Gene Expression Regulation, Plant	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Genotype	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Photoperiod	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cold Temperature	en_US
dc.title	Low-temperature and daylength cues are integrated to regulate Flowering Locus T in barley	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	1	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	147	en_US
utslib.for	060702 Plant Cell and Molecular Biology	en_US
utslib.for	060499 Genetics not elsewhere classified	en_US
utslib.for	06 Biological Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science/School of Life Sciences
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	1	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	147	en_US

Abstract:

Interactions between flowering time genes were examined in a doubled haploid barley (Hordeum vulgare) population segregating for H. vulgare VERNALIZATION1 (HvVRN1), HvVRN2, and PHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD-H1). A deletion allele of HvVRN2 was associated with rapid inflorescence initiation and early flowering, but only in lines with an active allele of PPD-H1. In these lines, the floral promoter FLOWERING LOCUS T (HvFT1) was expressed at high levels without vernalization, and this preceded induction of HvVRN1. Lines with the deletion allele of HvVRN2 and the inactive ppd-H1 allele did not undergo rapid inflorescence initiation and were late flowering. These data suggest that HvVRN2 counteracts PPD-H1 to prevent flowering prior to vernalization. An allele of HvVRN1 that is expressed at high basal levels (HvVRN1-1) was associated with rapid inflorescence initiation regardless of HvVRN2 or PPD-H1 genotype. HvFT1 was expressed without vernalization in lines with the HvVRN1-1 allele and HvFT1 transcript levels were highest in lines with the active PPD-H1 allele; this correlated with rapid apex development postinflorescence initiation. Thus, expression of HvVRN1 promotes inflorescence initiation and up-regulates HvFT1. Analysis of HvVRN1 expression in different genetic backgrounds postvernalization showed that HvVRN2, HvFT1, and PPD-H1 are unlikely to play a role in low-temperature induction of HvVRN1. In a vernalization responsive barley, HvFT1 is not induced by low temperatures alone, but can be induced by long days following prolonged low-temperature treatment. We conclude that low-temperature and daylength flowering-response pathways are integrated to control expression of HvFT1 in barley, and that this might occur through regulation of HvVRN2 activity. © 2008 American Society of Plant Biologists.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/28228