Biosynthesis of toxic naturally-occurring seafood contaminants

Kalaitzis, JA; Chau, R; Kohli, GS; Murray, SA; Neilan, BA

Biosynthesis of toxic naturally-occurring seafood contaminants

Kalaitzis, JA Chau, R Kohli, GS

Murray, SA

Neilan, BA

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Toxicon, 2010, 56 (2), pp. 244 - 258
Issue Date:: 2010-08-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Kalaitzis, JA	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Chau, R	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Kohli, GS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-2355	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Murray, SA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-1307	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Neilan, BA	en_US
dc.date.available	2009-09-07	en_US
dc.date.issued	2010-08-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Toxicon, 2010, 56 (2), pp. 244 - 258	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0041-0101	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/28748
dc.description.abstract	Outbreaks of human illness caused by the consumption of contaminated seafood, continues to be a major problem particularly for the shellfish industry. Toxins from marine, brackish and freshwater environments, which are often produced as a result of harmful algal blooms, have been implicated as the causative agents of these poisonings. Commonly, poisoning events have been grouped into one of six classes, Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP), Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP), Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP), Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP), Azaspiracid Shellfish Poisoning (AZP), and Amnesiac Shellfish Poisoning (ASP). The causative agents of these specific poisonings along with their biosyntheses are discussed in this review. The highly unusual and complex structures of most common seafood toxins have made them interesting targets for biosynthetic studies. Many of the toxins presented are biosynthesized via complex pathways that have been elucidated either through isotope labelled precursor feeding studies and/or characterization of the genes encoding the producing organism's biosynthetic machinery. Feeding studies key to our understanding of a particular toxin's biosynthesis, such as the incorporation of unusual precursors, as well as unique biosynthetic pathways and rare chemical mechanisms involved in the assembly process are highlighted. More recently, however, modern genomics-based techniques have been used for the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways and these are presented in the context of polyketide, non-ribosomal peptide, and hybrid pathway derived, toxin assembly. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Toxicon	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.09.001	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Toxicology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Humans	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Dinoflagellida	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Marine Toxins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Neurotoxins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Genomics	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Disease Outbreaks	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Food Contamination	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Shellfish	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Foodborne Diseases	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Shellfish Poisoning	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Harmful Algal Bloom	en_US
dc.title	Biosynthesis of toxic naturally-occurring seafood contaminants	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	2	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	56	en_US
utslib.for	1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences	en_US
dc.location.activity	SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - C3 - Climate Change Cluster
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	2	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	56	en_US

Abstract:

Outbreaks of human illness caused by the consumption of contaminated seafood, continues to be a major problem particularly for the shellfish industry. Toxins from marine, brackish and freshwater environments, which are often produced as a result of harmful algal blooms, have been implicated as the causative agents of these poisonings. Commonly, poisoning events have been grouped into one of six classes, Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP), Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP), Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP), Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP), Azaspiracid Shellfish Poisoning (AZP), and Amnesiac Shellfish Poisoning (ASP). The causative agents of these specific poisonings along with their biosyntheses are discussed in this review. The highly unusual and complex structures of most common seafood toxins have made them interesting targets for biosynthetic studies. Many of the toxins presented are biosynthesized via complex pathways that have been elucidated either through isotope labelled precursor feeding studies and/or characterization of the genes encoding the producing organism's biosynthetic machinery. Feeding studies key to our understanding of a particular toxin's biosynthesis, such as the incorporation of unusual precursors, as well as unique biosynthetic pathways and rare chemical mechanisms involved in the assembly process are highlighted. More recently, however, modern genomics-based techniques have been used for the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways and these are presented in the context of polyketide, non-ribosomal peptide, and hybrid pathway derived, toxin assembly. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/28748