Recommending Hartree-Fock theory with London-dispersion and basis-set-superposition corrections for the optimization or quantum refinement of protein structures

Publication Type:
Journal Article
Citation:
Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2014, 118 (50), pp. 14612 - 14626
Issue Date:
2014-12-18
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© 2014 American Chemical Society. We demonstrate the importance of properly accounting for London dispersion and basis-set-superposition error (BSSE) in quantum-chemical optimizations of protein structures, factors that are often still neglected in contemporary applications. We optimize a portion of an ensemble of conformationally flexible lysozyme structures obtained from highly accurate X-ray crystallography data that serve as a reliable benchmark. We not only analyze root-mean-square deviations from the experimental Cartesian coordinates, but also, for the first time, demonstrate how London dispersion and BSSE influence crystallographic R factors. Our conclusions parallel recent recommendations for the optimization of small gas-phase peptide structures made by some of the present authors: Hartree-Fock theory extended with Grimme's recent dispersion and BSSE corrections (HF-D3-gCP) is superior to popular density functional theory (DFT) approaches. Not only are statistical errors on average lower with HF-D3-gCP, but also the convergence behavior is much better. In particular, we show that the BP86/6-31G∗ approach should not be relied upon as a black-box method, despite its widespread use, as its success is based on an unpredictable cancellation of errors. Using HF-D3-gCP is technically straightforward, and we therefore encourage users of quantum-chemical methods to adopt this approach in future applications. (Chemical Presented).
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