Gene expression and molecular evolution of sxtA4 in a saxitoxin producing dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella

Wiese, M; Murray, SA; Alvin, A; Neilan, BA

Gene expression and molecular evolution of sxtA4 in a saxitoxin producing dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella

Wiese, M Murray, SA

Alvin, A Neilan, BA

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, 2014, 92 pp. 102 - 112
Issue Date:: 2014-12-15

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Wiese, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Murray, SA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-1307	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Alvin, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Neilan, BA	en_US
dc.date.available	2014-09-25	en_US
dc.date.issued	2014-12-15	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, 2014, 92 pp. 102 - 112	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/36151
dc.description.abstract	Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium produce the neurotoxin saxitoxin (STX), responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and accumulates in marine invertebrates. The recent identification of STX biosynthesis genes allowed us to investigate the expression of sxtA4 at different growth stages in Alexandrium catenella Group IV. We found no significant differences in expression of sxtA4, despite significant differences in STX levels at different growth stages (P < 0.023). Three reference genes were tested for normalisation: actin, cytochrome b (cob), and the large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU rDNA). cob was most stably expressed but the combination of two reference genes, actin and cob, resulted in the best stability factor. Most genomic sequences of sxtA4 from A. catenella were in a clade that included sequences from Alexandrium fundyense Group I, however, one paralogue was not related to the others, suggesting recombination or lateral transfer. A comparison of the sxtA4 cDNA sequences with genomic DNA sequences indicated the possibility of transcript editing and the preferential transcription of certain genomic DNA loci. The results show that, in dinoflagellates, post-transcriptional mechanisms play a major role in the regulation of saxitoxin biosynthesis.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.09.015	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Toxicology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Dinoflagellida	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Saxitoxin	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Actins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cytochromes b	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	DNA, Complementary	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	DNA Primers	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Likelihood Functions	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Bayes Theorem	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Cloning, Molecular	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Sequence Analysis, DNA	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Evolution, Molecular	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Phylogeny	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Species Specificity	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Base Sequence	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Models, Genetic	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Molecular Sequence Data	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	New South Wales	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Ribosome Subunits, Large	en_US
dc.title	Gene expression and molecular evolution of sxtA4 in a saxitoxin producing dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	92	en_US
utslib.for	060405 Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)	en_US
utslib.for	1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - C3 - Climate Change Cluster
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	92	en_US

Abstract:

Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium produce the neurotoxin saxitoxin (STX), responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and accumulates in marine invertebrates. The recent identification of STX biosynthesis genes allowed us to investigate the expression of sxtA4 at different growth stages in Alexandrium catenella Group IV. We found no significant differences in expression of sxtA4, despite significant differences in STX levels at different growth stages (P < 0.023). Three reference genes were tested for normalisation: actin, cytochrome b (cob), and the large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU rDNA). cob was most stably expressed but the combination of two reference genes, actin and cob, resulted in the best stability factor. Most genomic sequences of sxtA4 from A. catenella were in a clade that included sequences from Alexandrium fundyense Group I, however, one paralogue was not related to the others, suggesting recombination or lateral transfer. A comparison of the sxtA4 cDNA sequences with genomic DNA sequences indicated the possibility of transcript editing and the preferential transcription of certain genomic DNA loci. The results show that, in dinoflagellates, post-transcriptional mechanisms play a major role in the regulation of saxitoxin biosynthesis.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/36151