Evolutionary distinctiveness of fatty acid and polyketide synthesis in eukaryotes

Kohli, GS; John, U; Van Dolah, FM; Murray, SA

Evolutionary distinctiveness of fatty acid and polyketide synthesis in eukaryotes

Kohli, GS

John, U Van Dolah, FM Murray, SA

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: ISME Journal, 2016, 10 (8), pp. 1877 - 1890
Issue Date:: 2016-08-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Kohli, GS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-2355	en_US
dc.contributor.author	John, U	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Van Dolah, FM	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Murray, SA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-1307	en_US
dc.date.available	2015-12-07	en_US
dc.date.issued	2016-08-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	ISME Journal, 2016, 10 (8), pp. 1877 - 1890	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	1751-7362	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/43560
dc.description.abstract	© 2016 International Society for Microbial Ecology All rights reserved. Fatty acids, which are essential cell membrane constituents and fuel storage molecules, are thought to share a common evolutionary origin with polyketide toxins in eukaryotes. While fatty acids are primary metabolic products, polyketide toxins are secondary metabolites that are involved in ecologically relevant processes, such as chemical defence, and produce the adverse effects of harmful algal blooms. Selection pressures on such compounds may be different, resulting in differing evolutionary histories. Surprisingly, some studies of dinoflagellates have suggested that the same enzymes may catalyse these processes. Here we show the presence and evolutionary distinctiveness of genes encoding six key enzymes essential for fatty acid production in 13 eukaryotic lineages for which no previous sequence data were available (alveolates: dinoflagellates, Vitrella, Chromera; stramenopiles: bolidophytes, chrysophytes, pelagophytes, raphidophytes, dictyochophytes, pinguiophytes, xanthophytes; Rhizaria: chlorarachniophytes, haplosporida; euglenids) and 8 other lineages (apicomplexans, bacillariophytes, synurophytes, cryptophytes, haptophytes, chlorophyceans, prasinophytes, trebouxiophytes). The phylogeny of fatty acid synthase genes reflects the evolutionary history of the organism, indicating selection to maintain conserved functionality. In contrast, polyketide synthase gene families are highly expanded in dinoflagellates and haptophytes, suggesting relaxed constraints in their evolutionary history, while completely absent from some protist lineages. This demonstrates a vast potential for the production of bioactive polyketide compounds in some lineages of microbial eukaryotes, indicating that the evolution of these compounds may have played an important role in their ecological success.	en_US
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT120100704
dc.relation.ispartof	ISME Journal	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1038/ismej.2015.263	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Microbiology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Dinoflagellida	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Fatty Acids	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Phylogeny	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Alveolata	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Chlorophyta	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Biological Evolution	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Stramenopiles	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Haptophyta	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Polyketides	en_US
dc.title	Evolutionary distinctiveness of fatty acid and polyketide synthesis in eukaryotes	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	8	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	10	en_US
utslib.for	060405 Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)	en_US
utslib.for	060409 Molecular Evolution	en_US
utslib.for	060701 Phycology (incl. Marine Grasses)	en_US
utslib.for	05 Environmental Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	06 Biological Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	10 Technology	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - C3 - Climate Change Cluster
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.issue	8	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	10	en_US

Abstract:

© 2016 International Society for Microbial Ecology All rights reserved. Fatty acids, which are essential cell membrane constituents and fuel storage molecules, are thought to share a common evolutionary origin with polyketide toxins in eukaryotes. While fatty acids are primary metabolic products, polyketide toxins are secondary metabolites that are involved in ecologically relevant processes, such as chemical defence, and produce the adverse effects of harmful algal blooms. Selection pressures on such compounds may be different, resulting in differing evolutionary histories. Surprisingly, some studies of dinoflagellates have suggested that the same enzymes may catalyse these processes. Here we show the presence and evolutionary distinctiveness of genes encoding six key enzymes essential for fatty acid production in 13 eukaryotic lineages for which no previous sequence data were available (alveolates: dinoflagellates, Vitrella, Chromera; stramenopiles: bolidophytes, chrysophytes, pelagophytes, raphidophytes, dictyochophytes, pinguiophytes, xanthophytes; Rhizaria: chlorarachniophytes, haplosporida; euglenids) and 8 other lineages (apicomplexans, bacillariophytes, synurophytes, cryptophytes, haptophytes, chlorophyceans, prasinophytes, trebouxiophytes). The phylogeny of fatty acid synthase genes reflects the evolutionary history of the organism, indicating selection to maintain conserved functionality. In contrast, polyketide synthase gene families are highly expanded in dinoflagellates and haptophytes, suggesting relaxed constraints in their evolutionary history, while completely absent from some protist lineages. This demonstrates a vast potential for the production of bioactive polyketide compounds in some lineages of microbial eukaryotes, indicating that the evolution of these compounds may have played an important role in their ecological success.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/43560