Warm temperature acclimation impacts metabolism of paralytic shellfish toxins from Alexandrium minutum in commercial oysters

Farrell, H; Seebacher, F; O'Connor, W; Zammit, A; Harwood, DT; Murray, S

Warm temperature acclimation impacts metabolism of paralytic shellfish toxins from Alexandrium minutum in commercial oysters

Farrell, H Seebacher, F O'Connor, W Zammit, A Harwood, DT Murray, S

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Global Change Biology, 2015, 21 (9), pp. 3402 - 3413
Issue Date:: 2015-01-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Farrell, H	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Seebacher, F	en_US
dc.contributor.author	O'Connor, W	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Zammit, A	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Harwood, DT	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Murray, S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-1307	en_US
dc.date.available	2020-05-25T19:09:10Z
dc.date.issued	2015-01-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Global Change Biology, 2015, 21 (9), pp. 3402 - 3413	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	1354-1013	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/43561
dc.description.abstract	© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Species of Alexandrium produce potent neurotoxins termed paralytic shellfish toxins and are expanding their ranges worldwide, concurrent with increases in sea surface temperature. The metabolism of molluscs is temperature dependent, and increases in ocean temperature may influence both the abundance and distribution of Alexandrium and the dynamics of toxin uptake and depuration in shellfish. Here, we conducted a large-scale study of the effect of temperature on the uptake and depuration of paralytic shellfish toxins in three commercial oysters (Saccostrea glomerata and diploid and triploid Crassostrea gigas, n = 252 per species/ploidy level). Oysters were acclimated to two constant temperatures, reflecting current and predicted climate scenarios (22 and 27 °C), and fed a diet including the paralytic shellfish toxin-producing species Alexandrium minutum. While the oysters fed on A. minutum in similar quantities, concentrations of the toxin analogue GTX1,4 were significantly lower in warm-acclimated S. glomerata and diploid C. gigas after 12 days. Following exposure to A. minutum, toxicity of triploid C. gigas was not affected by temperature. Generally, detoxification rates were reduced in warm-acclimated oysters. The routine metabolism of the oysters was not affected by the toxins, but a significant effect was found at a cellular level in diploid C. gigas. The increasing incidences of Alexandrium blooms worldwide are a challenge for shellfish food safety regulation. Our findings indicate that rising ocean temperatures may reduce paralytic shellfish toxin accumulation in two of the three oyster types; however, they may persist for longer periods in oyster tissue.	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Global Change Biology	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1111/gcb.12952	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Ecology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Dinoflagellida	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Marine Toxins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Temperature	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Acclimatization	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Ploidies	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	New South Wales	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Ostreidae	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Crassostrea	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Climate Change	en_US
dc.title	Warm temperature acclimation impacts metabolism of paralytic shellfish toxins from Alexandrium minutum in commercial oysters	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	9	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	21	en_US
utslib.for	060405 Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)	en_US
utslib.for	060409 Molecular Evolution	en_US
utslib.for	060701 Phycology (incl. Marine Grasses)	en_US
utslib.for	05 Environmental Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	06 Biological Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - C3 - Climate Change Cluster
utslib.copyright.status	open_access
pubs.issue	9	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	21	en_US

Abstract:

© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Species of Alexandrium produce potent neurotoxins termed paralytic shellfish toxins and are expanding their ranges worldwide, concurrent with increases in sea surface temperature. The metabolism of molluscs is temperature dependent, and increases in ocean temperature may influence both the abundance and distribution of Alexandrium and the dynamics of toxin uptake and depuration in shellfish. Here, we conducted a large-scale study of the effect of temperature on the uptake and depuration of paralytic shellfish toxins in three commercial oysters (Saccostrea glomerata and diploid and triploid Crassostrea gigas, n = 252 per species/ploidy level). Oysters were acclimated to two constant temperatures, reflecting current and predicted climate scenarios (22 and 27 °C), and fed a diet including the paralytic shellfish toxin-producing species Alexandrium minutum. While the oysters fed on A. minutum in similar quantities, concentrations of the toxin analogue GTX1,4 were significantly lower in warm-acclimated S. glomerata and diploid C. gigas after 12 days. Following exposure to A. minutum, toxicity of triploid C. gigas was not affected by temperature. Generally, detoxification rates were reduced in warm-acclimated oysters. The routine metabolism of the oysters was not affected by the toxins, but a significant effect was found at a cellular level in diploid C. gigas. The increasing incidences of Alexandrium blooms worldwide are a challenge for shellfish food safety regulation. Our findings indicate that rising ocean temperatures may reduce paralytic shellfish toxin accumulation in two of the three oyster types; however, they may persist for longer periods in oyster tissue.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/43561