Molecular identification of the malaria vectors Anopheles anthropophagus and Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in central China using polymerase chain reaction and appraisal of their position within the Hyrcanus group.

Gao, Q; Beebe, NW; Cooper, RD

Molecular identification of the malaria vectors Anopheles anthropophagus and Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in central China using polymerase chain reaction and appraisal of their position within the Hyrcanus group.

Gao, Q Beebe, NW Cooper, RD

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: J Med Entomol, 2004, 41 (1), pp. 5 - 11
Issue Date:: 2004-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Gao, Q	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Beebe, NW	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Cooper, RD	en_US
dc.date.issued	2004-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	J Med Entomol, 2004, 41 (1), pp. 5 - 11	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0022-2585	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/4631
dc.description.abstract	In central China, Anopheles anthropophagus is considered the primary malaria vector and Anopheles sinensis is a secondary vector. Identification of these two cryptic species would facilitate studies on malaria transmission and the application of control measures. At present, the only reliable morphological markers occur in the egg stage, making this approach impractical for any large scale field studies. In this study, we report on the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism procedure involving the ribosomal DNA ITS2 region for discrimination of these species. The PCR-amplified product size of the ITS2 was 574 bp for An. anthropophagus and 594 bp for An. sinensis. Diagnostic restriction fragment length polymorphisms appeared with the restriction enzymes RsaI or HinfI. This diagnostic PCR was tested on mosquitoes collected from different locations throughout China. Specimens identified morphologically as An. anthropophagus in the adult and egg stage from one location in Quangdong Province were found to be An. sinensis, while specimens from Liaoning Province, which were variable in their egg morphology, were found to be An. anthropophagus. The presence of An. anthropophagus in Liaoning Province extends the range of this species north to 42 degrees N. The ITS2 spacer sequence was used in a maximum parsimony phylogenetic reconstruction of six members of the Hyrcanus group, two members of the Lesteri subgroup, and one member of the Nigerrimus subgroup, with the resulting molecular groupings at odds with the current morphological groupings.	en_US
dc.language	eng	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	J Med Entomol	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1603/0022-2585-41.1.5	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Tropical Medicine	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Humans	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Anopheles	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Malaria	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	DNA, Protozoan	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	DNA Primers	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Polymerase Chain Reaction	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Disease Vectors	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Insect Control	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Phylogeny	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Base Sequence	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Geography	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	China	en_US
dc.title	Molecular identification of the malaria vectors Anopheles anthropophagus and Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in central China using polymerase chain reaction and appraisal of their position within the Hyrcanus group.	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	1	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	41	en_US
utslib.location.activity	England	en_US
utslib.for	06 Biological Sciences	en_US
utslib.for	11 Medical and Health Sciences	en_US
dc.location.activity	New Brunswick, Canada
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	1	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	41	en_US

Abstract:

In central China, Anopheles anthropophagus is considered the primary malaria vector and Anopheles sinensis is a secondary vector. Identification of these two cryptic species would facilitate studies on malaria transmission and the application of control measures. At present, the only reliable morphological markers occur in the egg stage, making this approach impractical for any large scale field studies. In this study, we report on the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism procedure involving the ribosomal DNA ITS2 region for discrimination of these species. The PCR-amplified product size of the ITS2 was 574 bp for An. anthropophagus and 594 bp for An. sinensis. Diagnostic restriction fragment length polymorphisms appeared with the restriction enzymes RsaI or HinfI. This diagnostic PCR was tested on mosquitoes collected from different locations throughout China. Specimens identified morphologically as An. anthropophagus in the adult and egg stage from one location in Quangdong Province were found to be An. sinensis, while specimens from Liaoning Province, which were variable in their egg morphology, were found to be An. anthropophagus. The presence of An. anthropophagus in Liaoning Province extends the range of this species north to 42 degrees N. The ITS2 spacer sequence was used in a maximum parsimony phylogenetic reconstruction of six members of the Hyrcanus group, two members of the Lesteri subgroup, and one member of the Nigerrimus subgroup, with the resulting molecular groupings at odds with the current morphological groupings.

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