Concentration and distribution of sialic acid in human milk and infant formulas.

Wang, B; Brand-Miller, J; McVeagh, P; Petocz, P

Concentration and distribution of sialic acid in human milk and infant formulas.

Wang, B Brand-Miller, J McVeagh, P Petocz, P

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Am J Clin Nutr, 2001, 74 (4), pp. 510 - 515
Issue Date:: 2001-10

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Wang, B	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Brand-Miller, J	en_US
dc.contributor.author	McVeagh, P	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Petocz, P	en_US
dc.date.issued	2001-10	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Am J Clin Nutr, 2001, 74 (4), pp. 510 - 515	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0002-9165	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/4688
dc.description.abstract	BACKGROUND: In animal studies, sialic acid supplementation is associated with increases of gangliosides in the brain and improved learning ability. Only limited data are available on the sialic acid content of human milk and infant formulas. OBJECTIVE: We compared the concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound, protein-bound, and free sialic acid in milk from mothers of full-term and preterm infants and in a range of infant formulas. DESIGN: The milk from 20 and 14 mothers of full-term and preterm infants (mean gestational age: 31 +/- 3 wk), respectively, was collected at 4 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, 1 mo, and 3 mo) and compared with 21 different infant formulas. RESULTS: Total sialic acid concentrations were highest in colostrum (x +/- SEM: 5.04 +/- 0.21 mmol/L in full term) and decreased by nearly 80% over the next 3 mo. Human milk from mothers of preterm infants contained 13-23% more sialic acid than did milk from mothers of full-term infants at 3 of the 4 lactation stages (P < 0.02). The sialic acid content of most formulas was <25% of that found in mature human milk (P < 0.01). Most of the sialic acid in the formulas ( approximately 70%) was bound to glycoproteins, whereas in human milk most sialic acid was bound to free oligosaccharides. CONCLUSIONS: Human milk, including milk from mothers of preterm infants, is a rich source of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, which contrasts with the relatively small amounts found in infant formulas. The nutritional significance of sialic acid is presently unknown, but it is plausible that it is a conditional nutrient that contributes to sialic acid accretion in the brain.	en_US
dc.language	eng	en_US
dc.relation.ispartof	Am J Clin Nutr	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1093/ajcn/74.4.510	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Nutrition & Dietetics	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Colostrum	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Milk, Human	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Humans	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	N-Acetylneuraminic Acid	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Oligosaccharides	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Analysis of Variance	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Lactation	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Pregnancy	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Infant Food	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Adult	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Infant, Newborn	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Australia	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Female	en_US
dc.title	Concentration and distribution of sialic acid in human milk and infant formulas.	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	4	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	74	en_US
utslib.location.activity	United States	en_US
utslib.for	09 Engineering	en_US
utslib.for	11 Medical and Health Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	4	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	74	en_US

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In animal studies, sialic acid supplementation is associated with increases of gangliosides in the brain and improved learning ability. Only limited data are available on the sialic acid content of human milk and infant formulas. OBJECTIVE: We compared the concentrations of oligosaccharide-bound, protein-bound, and free sialic acid in milk from mothers of full-term and preterm infants and in a range of infant formulas. DESIGN: The milk from 20 and 14 mothers of full-term and preterm infants (mean gestational age: 31 +/- 3 wk), respectively, was collected at 4 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, 1 mo, and 3 mo) and compared with 21 different infant formulas. RESULTS: Total sialic acid concentrations were highest in colostrum (x +/- SEM: 5.04 +/- 0.21 mmol/L in full term) and decreased by nearly 80% over the next 3 mo. Human milk from mothers of preterm infants contained 13-23% more sialic acid than did milk from mothers of full-term infants at 3 of the 4 lactation stages (P < 0.02). The sialic acid content of most formulas was <25% of that found in mature human milk (P < 0.01). Most of the sialic acid in the formulas ( approximately 70%) was bound to glycoproteins, whereas in human milk most sialic acid was bound to free oligosaccharides. CONCLUSIONS: Human milk, including milk from mothers of preterm infants, is a rich source of oligosaccharide-bound sialic acid, which contrasts with the relatively small amounts found in infant formulas. The nutritional significance of sialic acid is presently unknown, but it is plausible that it is a conditional nutrient that contributes to sialic acid accretion in the brain.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/4688