Ultra-high sensitive voltammetric sensor modified by largely oxygenous functionalized ultrathin carbon nitride nanosheets for detection of Cu (II)

Publication Type:
Journal Article
Citation:
Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, 2017, 242 pp. 897 - 903
Issue Date:
2017-01-01
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. Enhancing the sensitivity of sensors is one of the most critical targets for the progress of analytical chemistry. Here in, an ultrasensitive voltammetric sensor for determination of Cu (II) was firstly prepared based on carbon nitride materials. Ultrathin carbon nitride nanosheets with large amount of oxygenous groups (ωO = 19.9%, SBET = 360.2 m2 g−1) was synthesized for the electrode modification via an improved Hummer's method for the first time. The accumulation mechanism of the large amount of oxygenous groups on ultrathin carbon nitride nanosheets towards Cu (II) was also firstly verified employing cyclic voltammetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The as-prepared electrode showed extremely high sensitivity and wide linear ranges in Cu (II) determination employing differential pulse stripping voltammetry with acceptable anti-contamination ability, repeatability, fabrication reproducibility, storage stability and anti-interference ability, whose limit of detection (S/N = 3) is 2.3 × 10−15 mol L−1with two linear relationships in 2.3 × 10−14–5.5 × 10−9and 5.5 × 10−9–3.2 × 10−6 mol L−1. The determination of Cu (II) in environmental water samples showed satisfactory precision and accuracy employing the as-presented method. The simultaneous determination for Hg (II), Pb (II) and Cu (II) was also achieved by the as-prepared electrode.
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