Characterization of Gambierdiscus lapillus sp. nov. (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae): a new toxic dinoflagellate from the Great Barrier Reef (Australia)

Kretzschmar, AL; Verma, A; Harwood, T; Hoppenrath, M; Murray, S

Characterization of Gambierdiscus lapillus sp. nov. (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae): a new toxic dinoflagellate from the Great Barrier Reef (Australia)

Kretzschmar, AL

Verma, A

Harwood, T Hoppenrath, M Murray, S

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Publication Type:: Journal Article
Citation:: Journal of Phycology, 2017, 53 (2), pp. 283 - 297
Issue Date:: 2017-04-01

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Kretzschmar, AL https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6415-3979	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Verma, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0119-9915	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Harwood, T	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Hoppenrath, M	en_US
dc.contributor.author	Murray, S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-1307	en_US
dc.date.available	2016-09-30	en_US
dc.date.issued	2017-04-01	en_US
dc.identifier.citation	Journal of Phycology, 2017, 53 (2), pp. 283 - 297	en_US
dc.identifier.issn	0022-3646	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/90317
dc.description.abstract	© 2016 Phycological Society of America Gambierdiscus is a genus of benthic dinoflagellates found worldwide. Some species produce neurotoxins (maitotoxins and ciguatoxins) that bioaccumulate and cause ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), a potentially fatal food-borne illness that is common worldwide in tropical regions. The investigation of toxigenic species of Gambierdiscus in CFP endemic regions in Australia is necessary as a first step to determine which species of Gambierdiscus are related to CFP cases occurring in this region. In this study, we characterized five strains of Gambierdiscus collected from Heron Island, Australia, a region in which ciguatera is endemic. Clonal cultures were assessed using (i) light microscopy; (ii) scanning electron microscopy; (iii) DNA sequencing based on the nuclear encoded ribosomal 18S and D8-D10 28S regions; (iv) toxicity via mouse bioassay; and (v) toxin profile as determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Both the morphological and phylogenetic data indicated that these strains represent a new species of Gambierdiscus, G. lapillus sp. nov. (plate formula Po, 3′, 0a, 7″, 6c, 7-8s, 5‴, 0p, 2″″ and distinctive by size and hatchet-shaped 2′ plate). Culture extracts were found to be toxic using the mouse bioassay. Using chemical analysis, it was determined that they did not contain maitotoxin (MTX1) or known algal-derived ciguatoxin analogs (CTX3B, 3C, CTX4A, 4B), but that they contained putative MTX3, and likely other unknown compounds.	en_US
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/LE140100055
dc.relation	http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT120100704
dc.relation.ispartof	Journal of Phycology	en_US
dc.relation.isbasedon	10.1111/jpy.12496	en_US
dc.subject.classification	Marine Biology & Hydrobiology	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Animals	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Dinoflagellida	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Ciguatera Poisoning	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Ciguatoxins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Oxocins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Marine Toxins	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Sequence Analysis, DNA	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Phylogeny	en_US
dc.subject.mesh	Australia	en_US
dc.title	Characterization of Gambierdiscus lapillus sp. nov. (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae): a new toxic dinoflagellate from the Great Barrier Reef (Australia)	en_US
dc.type	Journal Article
utslib.citation.volume	2	en_US
utslib.citation.volume	53	en_US
utslib.for	0607 Plant Biology	en_US
utslib.for	0704 Fisheries Sciences	en_US
pubs.embargo.period	Not known	en_US
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Faculty of Science
pubs.organisational-group	/University of Technology Sydney/Strength - C3 - Climate Change Cluster
utslib.copyright.status	closed_access
pubs.issue	2	en_US
pubs.publication-status	Published	en_US
pubs.volume	53	en_US

Abstract:

© 2016 Phycological Society of America Gambierdiscus is a genus of benthic dinoflagellates found worldwide. Some species produce neurotoxins (maitotoxins and ciguatoxins) that bioaccumulate and cause ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), a potentially fatal food-borne illness that is common worldwide in tropical regions. The investigation of toxigenic species of Gambierdiscus in CFP endemic regions in Australia is necessary as a first step to determine which species of Gambierdiscus are related to CFP cases occurring in this region. In this study, we characterized five strains of Gambierdiscus collected from Heron Island, Australia, a region in which ciguatera is endemic. Clonal cultures were assessed using (i) light microscopy; (ii) scanning electron microscopy; (iii) DNA sequencing based on the nuclear encoded ribosomal 18S and D8-D10 28S regions; (iv) toxicity via mouse bioassay; and (v) toxin profile as determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Both the morphological and phylogenetic data indicated that these strains represent a new species of Gambierdiscus, G. lapillus sp. nov. (plate formula Po, 3′, 0a, 7″, 6c, 7-8s, 5‴, 0p, 2″″ and distinctive by size and hatchet-shaped 2′ plate). Culture extracts were found to be toxic using the mouse bioassay. Using chemical analysis, it was determined that they did not contain maitotoxin (MTX1) or known algal-derived ciguatoxin analogs (CTX3B, 3C, CTX4A, 4B), but that they contained putative MTX3, and likely other unknown compounds.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/90317