Detoxification of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using a novel lignocellulosic multi-metal binding biosorbent

Abdolali, Atefeh

Detoxification of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using a novel lignocellulosic multi-metal binding biosorbent

Abdolali, Atefeh

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Publication Type:: Thesis
Issue Date:: 2017

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Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Abdolali, Atefeh
dc.date.accessioned	2017-09-13T02:27:37Z
dc.date.available	2017-09-13T02:27:37Z
dc.date.issued	2017
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10453/116921
dc.description	University of Technology Sydney. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology.	en_AU
dc.description.abstract	Since, the availability of a biomass at a low cost is a key factor dictating its selection for a biosorption, thus agro–industrial wastes and by–products are considered as alternatives for heavy metal biosorption development. Utilizing potentials of combination of common agro–industrial wastes and by–products let us have different kinds of active binding sites at same time in wastewater treatment. In order to make the biosorption process more suitable for heavy metal removal, both batch and continuous systems have been studied. Two breakthrough multi–metal binding biosorbent made from a combination of tea wastes, maple leaves and mandarin peel (MMBB1) and a mixture of tea waste, sawdust and corncob (MMBB2) were applied to evaluate their biosorptive potential of heavy metal removal from synthetic multi–metal solutions. FTIR and SEM were conducted, before and after biosorption, to explore the intensity and position of the available functional groups and changes in adsorbent surface morphology. Carboxylic and hydroxyl groups were found to be the principal functional groups for the sorption of metals. MMBB1 exhibited better performance at pH 5.5 with maximum sorption capacities of 41.48, 39.48, 94.0 and 27.23 mg/g for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. In batch system, MMBB1 was selected for further process optimization, modification, characterization and thermodynamic studies. The data indicated that Langmuir isotherm and pseudo–second order kinetics model describe the experimental data very well. The maximum amounts of biosorption capacity of modified MMBB increased to 69.56, 127.70, 345.20 and 70.55 mg/g for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. Then a continuous fixed–bed study was carried out by utilizing the modified MMBB for cadmium, copper, lead and zinc removal from synthetic solution and real wastewater. The effect of operating conditions i.e. influent flow rate, metal concentration and bed depth was investigated at optimal pH (5.5±0.1) for a synthetic wastewater. Results confirmed that the total amount of metal adsorption decreased with increasing influent flow rate and also increased with increasing each metal concentration. The maximum biosorption capacity of 38.25, 63.37, 108.12 and 35.23 mg/g for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively, were attained at 31 cm bed height, 10 mL/min flow rate and 20 mg/L initial concentration. The Thomas model found better describing the whole dynamic behaviour of the column. Finally, desorption studies indicated that metal–loaded biosorbent could be used after three consecutive sorption, desorption and regeneration cycles by applying a semi−simulated real wastewater.	en_AU
dc.format	Thesis (PhD)
dc.language.iso	en_AU	en_AU
dc.relation	https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/116921/6/02whole.pdf
dc.rights	au.edu.uts.lib/ppc
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights	The author owns the copyright in this thesis including all reproduction and reuse rights for the work. The work may not be altered without the permission of the copyright owner. Attribution is essential when quoting or paraphrasing from this thesis.
dc.subject	Heavy metal ions.	en
dc.subject	Biosorption development.	en
dc.subject	Agro-industrial wastes.	en
dc.subject	By–products.	en
dc.subject	MMBB1 and MMBB2	en
dc.subject	Carboxylic and hydroxyl groups.	en
dc.subject	Sorption capacities.	en
dc.subject	Langmuir isotherm.	en
dc.subject	Synthetic wastewater.	en
dc.subject	Thomas model.	en
dc.subject	Semi−simulated real wastewater.	en
dc.title	Detoxification of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using a novel lignocellulosic multi-metal binding biosorbent	en_AU
dc.type	Thesis	en_AU
utslib.copyright.status	open_access

Abstract:

Since, the availability of a biomass at a low cost is a key factor dictating its selection for a biosorption, thus agro–industrial wastes and by–products are considered as alternatives for heavy metal biosorption development. Utilizing potentials of combination of common agro–industrial wastes and by–products let us have different kinds of active binding sites at same time in wastewater treatment. In order to make the biosorption process more suitable for heavy metal removal, both batch and continuous systems have been studied. Two breakthrough multi–metal binding biosorbent made from a combination of tea wastes, maple leaves and mandarin peel (MMBB1) and a mixture of tea waste, sawdust and corncob (MMBB2) were applied to evaluate their biosorptive potential of heavy metal removal from synthetic multi–metal solutions. FTIR and SEM were conducted, before and after biosorption, to explore the intensity and position of the available functional groups and changes in adsorbent surface morphology. Carboxylic and hydroxyl groups were found to be the principal functional groups for the sorption of metals. MMBB1 exhibited better performance at pH 5.5 with maximum sorption capacities of 41.48, 39.48, 94.0 and 27.23 mg/g for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. In batch system, MMBB1 was selected for further process optimization, modification, characterization and thermodynamic studies. The data indicated that Langmuir isotherm and pseudo–second order kinetics model describe the experimental data very well. The maximum amounts of biosorption capacity of modified MMBB increased to 69.56, 127.70, 345.20 and 70.55 mg/g for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. Then a continuous fixed–bed study was carried out by utilizing the modified MMBB for cadmium, copper, lead and zinc removal from synthetic solution and real wastewater. The effect of operating conditions i.e. influent flow rate, metal concentration and bed depth was investigated at optimal pH (5.5±0.1) for a synthetic wastewater. Results confirmed that the total amount of metal adsorption decreased with increasing influent flow rate and also increased with increasing each metal concentration. The maximum biosorption capacity of 38.25, 63.37, 108.12 and 35.23 mg/g for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively, were attained at 31 cm bed height, 10 mL/min flow rate and 20 mg/L initial concentration. The Thomas model found better describing the whole dynamic behaviour of the column. Finally, desorption studies indicated that metal–loaded biosorbent could be used after three consecutive sorption, desorption and regeneration cycles by applying a semi−simulated real wastewater.

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http://hdl.handle.net/10453/116921