Big Data Analytics for Condition Based Monitoring and Maintenance
- Publication Type:
- Thesis
- Issue Date:
- 2020
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Condition-based Maintenance (CBM) will significantly achieve the cost-saving while monitoring the related infrastructure through the most accurate maintenance scheduling. It also increases the reliability of monitored equipment. For example, in the field of rail transport, it helps ensure trains run on time and plays a critical role in the safety of railway operation. A key prerequisite for CBM is accurate fault prediction, which can be achieved through predictive machine learning models. Although artificial intelligence and machine learning have become successes in many applications, their potentials in CBM have not been fully recognised. The growing scale and modality of railway data bring opportunities as well as challenges to machine learning models. In this thesis, three key challenges were abstracted with regard to data analytics using machine learning technics for fault prediction, resulting from the sparse high-dimensional data, the incomplete data, and the multisource data. Then the three challenges were studied from an algorithmic point of view.
The sparse high-dimensional data commonly exist in maintenance logs, in a format of categorical variables. Normally, a sophisticated feature engineering process is required to extract the complex feature-interactions, while the high dimensionality, sparseness, and the lack of reliable domain knowledge make this process quite ad-hoc and subject to strong personal opinion/experience of each individual engineer. This thesis proposed field-regularised factorisation machines to learn the complex feature-interactions automatically from such data and evaluated the proposed method with maintenance logs of railway points in a railway network. Another challenge comes with the fact that real-world data are usually incomplete due to various reasons, e.g., faults in the database, operational errors or transmission faults. To address these issues, this thesis proposed a missingness-pattern-adaptive model, which adaptively adjusts the predictive function for incomplete data. Some theoretical evidence was provided to support the correctness of our model. This model was tested with several public datasets with internal missing values. Generally, the predictive task for CBM can involve data from multiple sources, such as weather conditions, sensors, and maintenance logs. For the multi-source data, this thesis proposed a sample-adaptive multiple-kernel learning algorithm to facilitate the fusion of data for the predictive task. To verify the effectiveness of this method, experiments were conducted on real-life data generated by a large-scale railway network.
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